52 BrADLey C. GreGOry wives (23,22 [32]). Finally, in the description of the faithless husband in 23,18 (25) the Latin also alters the Greek to reflect the idea that vice is inherently detrimental. Whereas the Greek has the adulterer saying “in his soul”, “Who will see me?”, the Latin introduces the idea that such a person in effect has contempt for his own soul (contemnens in animam suam et dicens) 45. in conclusion, many of the same trends seen in 9,1-9 (1-12) are also evident here in 23,16-27 (21-38). There is an attempt to elevate the importance of the issue by accenting both God’s certainty to see and judge and the potential consequences of sexual sin. A second topic on which the Latin develops Ben Sira’s teaching regarding temperance is the drinking of wine. The connection between wine and sexual temptation was noted in 18,30 – 19,3 as well as 9,9, both of which attracted additions in the Latin version. not surprisingly, several additions are also found in the discussion of eating and drinking in 31,12 – 32,13 (32,17). in 31,27-28 (32-37) the Latin introduces three commendations of sobriety. To the statement that wine taken in mod- eration is the essence of life the Latin adds “you shall be sober” (eris sobrius). Likewise, to the statement that wine was created for humans to enjoy the Latin adds “and from the beginning not to make them drunk” (non in ebrietate ab initio). Finally, the Latin adds that moder- ation in drinking is beneficial to soul and body (sanitas est et corpori et animae) 46. Similarly, a few verses later in 32,6 (8) the Greek praises good wine, but the Latin modifies this to include “moderate” [i.e. not too strong] (in iucundo et moderato vino) 47. Conversely, the Latin makes an interesting interpretive move in 31,27 (33). Whereas the Greek has ti,j zwh. evlassoume,nw| oi;nw|, probably to be understood as “What is life to one who lacks wine?”, the Latin interprets this dative participle as modifying “life” (so also the Lucianic manuscripts except ms 248: evlassoume,nh): “What is life which is diminished by wine?” (quae est vita quae minuitur vino) 48. This alters the sense of the rhetor- ical question to warn that wine can be harmful to the quality of life. in sum, in the Latin version the references to desire and self-con- trol are more developed than Grii’s general affirmation of self-control and its harsh judgment of the man who visits prostitutes. While the Latin likewise contains general affirmations of restraint, it also has 45 m: contempnens et dicens in anima sua. See THieLe, Sirach, 658. 46 Biblia Sacra iuxta latinam vulgatam versionem, XII, 285. 47 Biblia Sacra iuxta latinam vulgatam versionem, XII, 287. 48 Biblia Sacra iuxta latinam vulgatam versionem, XII, 285.