Use of the Letter of Jude by the Second Letter of Peter 53 1,11 oujai; aujtoi'", o{ti th'/ oJdw'/ tou' Kavi>n 2,15 kataleivponte" eujqei'an oJdo;n ejporeuvqhsan kai; th'/ planh/ tou' v eplanhqhsan, ejxakolouqhvsante" th'/ j v Balaam misqou' ejxecuvqhsan kai; th'/ odw/' tou' Balaam tou' Bosovr, o{" misqo;n J ; ; antilogia/ tou' Kovre ajpwvlonto. j v ajdikiva" hjgavphsen 2,16 e[legxin de; e[scen ijdiva" paranomiva": upozugion a{fwnon ejn ajnqrwvpou fwnh'/ J v fqegxavmenon ejkwvlusen th;n tou' profhtou parafronivan. v The third clause of Jude 8 says that the opponents “slander the glorious ones”. Jude 9 then mentions an incident when the archangel Michael refrained from a judgment of slander. In 2 Pet 2,10b-11 the author separated the final clause of Jude 8 from the previous two clauses, revised it, made it the beginning of a new sentence, and incorporated a revised version of Jude 9 into this sentence. One reason for this may have been to make explicit the implicit connection between Jude 8b and 9. The author of 2 Peter expanded Jude 8b, emphasizing the audacity of the behavior described: “bold and willful, they are not afraid to slander the glorious ones”. The author of 2 Peter added two adjectives to describe the false teachers, i.e., bold and willful. The word “bold” is probably taken from Jude 9 (25). 2 Peter replaced “slander”, the main verb of Jude 8b, with “they are not afraid”, implying that the false teachers should fear to behave as they do. 2 Peter then converted “slander” into a participle and used it describe the behavior of the false teachers as slandering the glorious ones. Jude 9 describes a specific incident when the archangel Michael was not bold to bring a judgment of slander against the devil. This contrasts with the behavior of Jude’s opponents as described in vv. 8 and 10. The author of 2 Peter rewrote this in much more general terms and incorporated it into the sentence begun in v. 10b in order to make the contrast with the behavior described there sharper. 2 Pet 2,10b says that the false teachers are not afraid to slander the glorious ones; v. 11 says that the angels do not bring a slanderous judgment against them, i.e., either the glorious ones or the false teachers (26). 2 Peter replaced the reference to Michael the archangel with a reference to angels in general and omitted the clause in Jude that (25) BAUCKHAM, Jude, 2 Peter, 260; NEYREY, 2 Peter, Jude, 208. (26) Bauckham (Jude, 2 Peter, 261) opts for the former. Perkins interprets 2 Peter 2,11 as a statement that the angels do not bring the blasphemous judgments of the opponents into the heavenly court as evidence against them (First and Second Peter, 184).