Claude Perera, «Burn or boast? A Text Critical Analysis of 1 Cor 13:3.», Vol. 18 (2005) 111-128
The dearth of external evidence in addition to the support of arguments
from a transcriptional probability perspective eliminates the variants kauqh|=
and kauqh/setai in 1 Cor 13:3. Besides having a syntactic problem, the variant
kauqh/swmai is a theologically motivated scribal intervention. Historical
facts, hinder the candidature of kauqh/somai and a syntagmatic approach
does not favour either kauqh/somai or kauxh/swmai. In Paul boasting is ambivalent.
"To boast in the Lord" is something positive. Furthermore, Petzer
justifies kauxh/swmai from a structural point of view. On textual, grammatical
and historical grounds kauxh/swmai cannot be a later addition.
114 Claude Perera
support (Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Jerome and Pelagius’ Com.).
Jerome who critically looked at 1 Cor 13:3 in the light of Greek and Latin
mss has preferred καυχ σωμαι (MPL 26, col. 425A)6. The first variant
καυθ σωμαι does not have a single witness from the Alexandrian family.
But it has the support of the Uncial ψ, many minuscules of the Egyptian
family, although they are of late origin (after 10th century CE), as well
as of the Majority Texts. It has no versional evidence, although Origen
(3rd century CE), Chrysostom, Cyril of Alexandria and Theodoret (5th
century CE) support it. The second variant καυθ σομαι is supported
by only one relatively early Alexandrian uncial C (5th century CE), some
mss of the entire Latin tradition (2nd century CE), and Thomas Harkel
(marginal reading). It has also has much early Patristic support in Turtul-
lian, Cyprian, Origen, Basil and Methodius (2nd-3rd centuries CE) and
Ambrosiaster, Ephraem, Cyril of Alexandria, Chrysostom, Augustine,
Jerome, Maximus the Confessor and several others (4th-5th centuries CE).
Although καυθ σομαι has evidence from all five categories of the Greek
witnesses, it has only one from the first category namely, C which in
turn is not so outstanding in comparison with P46, ), A or B of the same
category as claimed by καυχ σωαμι. What do we conclude from all this?
Since the last two variants viz καυθ and καυθ σεται have the least ex-
ternal evidence that only late and in the fifth category only, they become
the first candidates to be temporarily excluded until we look at them
again under transcriptional probability [in the next paragraph]. From
the point of view of external evidence in terms of age and categories, the
strongest is καυχ σωμαι and thus, gets the preponderance. The second
variant καυθ σομαι comes next for having two of the first category wit-
nesses and for being a relatively early representation which in addition
is geographically wide-spread. After that the first variant καυθ σωμαι
needs to be taken seriously, although it has a relatively late representation
(8th -9th centuries). So, we are left with three candidates among whom
the preponderance is for the text καυχ σωαμι. Now let us examine the
internal evidence beginning with transcriptional probability, where I
shall concentrate on possible intentional and unintentional scribal errors
in order to trace the possible original reading.
Internal Evidence – Transcriptional Probability
First of all, let us dismiss those variants that appear least probable. The
first, third and fourth variants viz. καυθ σωμαι, καυθ and καυθ σεται
6
Jean Héring, La Première Épitre de Saint-Paul aux Corinthiens (Commentaire du
Nouveau Testament 7; Neuchâtel 1949) 118.