Claude Perera, «Burn or boast? A Text Critical Analysis of 1 Cor 13:3.», Vol. 18 (2005) 111-128
The dearth of external evidence in addition to the support of arguments
from a transcriptional probability perspective eliminates the variants kauqh|=
and kauqh/setai in 1 Cor 13:3. Besides having a syntactic problem, the variant
kauqh/swmai is a theologically motivated scribal intervention. Historical
facts, hinder the candidature of kauqh/somai and a syntagmatic approach
does not favour either kauqh/somai or kauxh/swmai. In Paul boasting is ambivalent.
"To boast in the Lord" is something positive. Furthermore, Petzer
justifies kauxh/swmai from a structural point of view. On textual, grammatical
and historical grounds kauxh/swmai cannot be a later addition.
116 Claude Perera
are future indicatives, since in a few cases the long and short o were
used indiscriminately12. Collins says that the close similarity of the sight
and sound of both καυθ σωμαι and καυθ σομαι may have led to an
inadvertent scribal error13.
Some scribes may have thought of “boasting†as having a pejorative
nuance. If that was the case, then it contradicts love. In that case, the
reference to γ πην δ μ χω in 1 Cor 13:3c becomes redundant and
superfluous14. For this reason as well as for not knowing whether Paul
meant “boasting†or “glorying,†the scribes would have used a similar
sounding word namely, καυθ σομαι to improve on the meaning15.
Whether the growing phenomenon of martyrdom in the early Church
compelled them all the more towards such improvements is a question to
which we shall address ourselves further down. A reversal in relation to
καυθ σομαι is unimaginable. If καυθ σομαι had been the original, there
was no reason for it to have been replaced by the older reading namely
καυχ σωμαι. For, later variants would have been created as alternatives
to the unsatisfactory original one. The fact that there are several variants
pertaining to the root κα ω makes us suggest that those were all traces
of their struggle with its non-originality in the presence of the original
καυχ σωμαι with which some scribes were not comfortable. The above
considerations on the transcriptional probability explain how the scribes
changed καυχ σωμαι into καυθ σωμαι or καυθ σομαι and not vice
versa. This confirms our provisional conclusion of the external evidence
namely, that καυχ σωμαι emerges out as the original. Now let us go into
the second aspect of our inquiry namely, the internal evidence.
Internal Evidence – Intrinsic Probability
Here we shall examine the internal evidence from its second perspec-
tive viz. intrinsic probability, where I shall go into the arguments pro
and contra in relation to the two main candidates καυχ σωμαι and
12
A.T. Robertson, A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical
Research (Nashville 1934) 200, 324 as quoted by R.C.H. Lenski, The Interpretation of St.
Paul’s First and Second Epistles to the Corinthians (Minneapolis, MN 1963) 552-53.
13
Collins, First Corinthians, 476-77.
14
Metzger, A Commentary on the Greek NT, 564. But this reasoning is unacceptable
to us because in all b parts of the verses in 1 Cor 13:1-3 the actions spoken are those done
without love even when it comes to burning oneself or boasting about one’s self-giving. The
only difference when it comes to boasting is that its opposition to love seems so obvious.
(All this forms part of the absurdity in Petzer’s view of which we shall speak further down).
15
Ibid., 564.