Stanley E. Porter and Matthew Brook O’Donnell 18 the +finite or the +factively presuppositional features as a singular entry condition (i.e. –factively presuppositional, realized by the infinitive, does not lead to the NUMBER system). The NUMBER system is realized by sin- gular and plural forms. Lastly, the PARTICIPATION system, realized by per- sonal reference, has the entry condition of +finite, and is a system on the same level as attitude. The participation system has two sub-systems, the first requires choice of –included (realized by the third person form) or +included, and the second requiring choice of +direct (realized by the first person form) or –direct (realized by the second person form). We have also taken the opportunity to refine the labelling system of the entire net- work. The names of the terms for each system are now consistently stated as English adjectives, which describe their semantic feature; and the names of the systems are nouns (eg. ASPECTUALITY and REMOTENESS). For the purpose of this study, the systems of the network have been numbered; however, there is no significance in the number which has been assigned to each system. The network chart in Appendix A also contains predictions for each system as to whether its terms are equiprobable (E) or skewed (S). These follow the typology of systems suggested by Halliday, and are based upon Porter’s previous study as indicated in his Verbal Aspect and his Idioms of the Greek New Testament, where statements regarding markedness have been made on the basis of a variety of factors, including elementary analy- sis of distribution, as well as morphology and semantics 67. We have then 67 It is worth noting that no major work on what we define as verbal aspect has ap- peared since Porter’s Verbal Aspect that has developed this method of analysis, so far as we know, except for Y. Duhoux, Le verbe grec ancien: Élements de morphologie et de syntaxe historiques (BCILL, 61; Louvain-la-Neuve: Peeters, 1992), esp. pp. 497-505; idem, «La dynamique des choix aspectuels en grec ancien», CILL 18.2-4 (1992), pp. 45-66; idem, «Études sur l’aspect verbal en grec ancient, 1: Présentation d’une méthode», BSL 90 (1995), pp. 241-99, although he deals with a different time period, and does not treat the interactive verbal systems as we do. Works to consult that have appeared in the last ten years include the following (there are, of course, other works that treat verbal aspect, but they are often speaking in terms of lexis or what is better categorized as Aktionsart): D. Cohen, L’aspect verbal (Linguistique nouvelle; Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1989); H.B. Thelin (ed.), Verbal Aspect in Discourse (Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1990); S. Fleischman, Tense and Narrativity: From Medieval Performance to Modern Fiction (Croom Helm Romance Linguistics Series; London: Routledge, 1990); R.I. Binnick, Time and the Verb: A Guide to Tense and Aspect (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), C.S. Smith, The Parameters of Aspect (Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, 43; Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1991); H.J. Verkuyl, A Theory of Aspectuality: The Interaction be- tween Temporal and Atemporal Structure (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics, 64; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993); idem, Aspectual Issues: Studies on Time and Quantity (Center for the Study of Language and Information Publication Lecture Notes, 98; Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications, 1999); W. Klein, Time in Language (Germanic Linguistics; London: Routledge, 1994); C. Bache, H. Basboell, and C.-E. Lindberg (eds.), Tense, Aspect and Action: Empirical and Theoretical Contributions to Language Typology (Empirical Approaches to Language Typology, 12; Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994); C. Vet and C. Vetters (eds.), Tense and Aspect in Discourse (Trends in