274 terraNCe CallaN that she has born him three parqe,noi as well as a boy (pai/j); cf. also Orestes 22-24. Herodotus speaks of an incident in which the daughter (quga,thr) of the king was dressed as a slave and sent to draw water along with the other (a;llaj) parqe,noi of the leading men. as they did so, the parqe,noi passed before their fathers (3.14; cf. also 3.124; 6.57). in 4.43 Herodotus refers to a parqe,noj daughter (quga,thr). in 5.6 Herodotus says that thracians sell their children (te,kna) for export, ap- parently referring to their sons, and take no care of their parqe,noi, ap- parently referring to their daughters. and in 6.130 Herodotus says that a man addressed the suitors of his daughter (pai/j) and said he could not satisfy them all because he had only one parqe,noj for whom to plan. in 5.43.1 Polybius speaks of Mithridates’ daughter (quga,thr) as a parqe,noj. in 5.74.6 he speaks of a man who brought someone up as his own daughter (quga,thr) and treated the parqe,noj with special kindness. and in 10.19.6 he mentions the father of a parqe,noj. parqe,noj and its cognates are also used in connection with daughters in the lXX. Gen 34,3 says that Shechem was drawn to dinah, the daughter (quga,thr) of Jacob, and loved the parqe,noj. exod 22,15-16 speaks of the father of a parqe,noj (cf. also deut 22,19; 4 Macc 18,7). Judg 19,24 refers to a parqe,noj daughter (quga,thr), an expression also found in a number of other passages 34. Similar uses of parqe,noj and its cognates in connection with daughters are found in almost all of the writers who use these words 35. in the New testament we find a refer- ence to the four parqe,noi daughters (qugate,rej) of Philip in acts 21,9. and in 2 Cor 11,2 Paul probably pictures himself as a father who betrothed the Corinthians as a pure parqe,noj to Christ. even where parqe,noi are not explicitly said to be daughters, the basic meaning of the word is more closely aligned with the situation of daughters than with fiancées or widows. Many interpreters agree that parqe,noj basically designates a young, unmarried woman 36. this meaning is visible in three of the very common ways in which the word is used: • a synonym for ko,rh (girl). the equivalence of these terms can be seen in Josephus A.J. 5.8.5 § 286 which says that Samson became 34 2 Sam 13,18; 2 Kgs 19,21; isa 47,1; Jer 46,11; lam 1,15; 2,13. 35 See appendix B. 36 G. delliNG, “παρθένος”, tdNt 5.827. See also Barrett, First Epistle to the Corinthians, 173-174; ColliNS, First Corinthians, 293; tHiSeltoN, First Epistle to the Corinthians, 590; GueNtHer, “one Woman or two?”, 36-37; P. PerKiNS, First Corinthians (Paideia Commentaries on the Nt; Grand rapids, Mi 2012) 112.