Wilson de Angelo Cunha, «A Brief Discussion of MT Isaiah 24,14-16», Vol. 90 (2009) 530-544
Recent scholarship interprets Isaiah 24,14-16 in light of a “prophetic disputation pattern” genre, which sees the praise in vv. 14-15 as an assertion and the “I” statement in v. 16b as the counter-assertion, thus, correcting the assertion in vv. 14-15. This article seeks to challenge this interpretation and argue that the “I” statement in v. 16b does not need to function as a “counter-assertion” to the praise in vv. 14-15 but, rather, as introducing the proclamation of judgment for the unrighteous (v. 16c).
A Brief Discussion of MT Isaiah 24,14-16 535
th" gh'" eufranqhsontai a{ma th/' dovxh/ kuriou “but the ones left on the
' j v v
earth will rejoice together in the glory of the Lordâ€. This clause is a
translation of Hebrew hwhy ˆwagb wnry “they will rejoice in the majesty of
Yahwehâ€. The Greek relates to the Hebrew in the following respects:
the Greek verb eujfranqhvsontai “they will rejoice†is linked to the
Hebrew wnry as eujfraivnw usually renders ˆnr in LXX Isa (cf. 12,6;
16,10; 24,14; 26,19; 42,11; 44,23; 49,13; 52,8; 54,1; compare with the
same rendition in Deut 32,43; 1 Chr 16,33; Jer 31,12). The expression
th/' dovxh/ kurivou (LXX Isa 24,14b) is linked to the Hebrew hwhy ˆwagb,
which belongs to v. 14c in MT according to its punctuation. It is
important to notice that ˆwag is not usually translated with dovxa in LXX
Isa, with the exception of Isa 14,11 (20). With respect to the phrase oiJ de;
kataleifqevnte" ejpi; th'" gh'" “but those who are left on the earthâ€, one
scholar argued that the phrase ≈rab μyraçnh “the ones left on the earthâ€
was perhaps already present as a “Glosse†in the LXX Vorlage,
functioning as an explanation of the subject of the hmh “they†(v. 14a).
The translator then used this gloss in his text (21). This suggestion must
be rejected as there is no textual evidence for it (22). Finally, the
preposition a{ma “together†is also a plus in the LXX.
Taken as a text of its own, the particle dev “but†in LXX v. 14b
introduces a contrast between the ou|toi “these†in v. 14a and the oiJ de;
kataleifqevnte" “the ones left†of v. 14b (23). LXX v. 14 envisions,
therefore, two classes of people. As such, it is important to find out the
identity of the ones who “cry out†in v. 14a and the “ones who are left
on the earth†in v. 14b.
The identity of the ou|toi “these†in v. 14a is found in the aujtouv"
“them†of v. 13c (24). In its own literary context, LXX v. 14 is syntacti-
cally connected with v. 13 as v. 14a functions as the apodosis to the
protasis in v. 13d (25). Vv. 13b-14a display the same syntactical pattern:
(20) The word ˆwag is translated by ijscuv" “strength†in 2,10.19; by uJyovw “to
elevate, exalt†in 4,2; and by u{bri" “insolence, pride, arrogance†in 13,11; 16,6;
23,9. It is not clear what word translates, if any, ˆwag in 13,19 and 60,15.
(21) Cf. J. ZIEGLER, Untersuchungen zur Septuaginta des Buches Isaias (ATA
XII/3; Münster 1934) 59.
(22) Cf. 1QIsaa and 4QIsac, which are both in agreement with MT. References
to 1QIsaa are based on the edition by D.W. PARRY – E. QIMRON (eds.), The Great
Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa). A New Edition (STDJ 32; Leiden 1999) and the ones to 4Q
scrolls are based on the edition entitled E. ULRICH et al. (eds.), Discoveries in the
Judean Desert. Qumran Cave 4, XV/10 (Oxford 1997).
(23) Cf. DAS NEVES, IsaÃas, 226.
(24) Cf. DAS NEVES, IsaÃas, 226.
(25) Cf. LIEBMANN, “Jesaia 24-27â€, 230.