Wilson de Angelo Cunha, «A Brief Discussion of MT Isaiah 24,14-16», Vol. 90 (2009) 530-544
Recent scholarship interprets Isaiah 24,14-16 in light of a “prophetic disputation pattern” genre, which sees the praise in vv. 14-15 as an assertion and the “I” statement in v. 16b as the counter-assertion, thus, correcting the assertion in vv. 14-15. This article seeks to challenge this interpretation and argue that the “I” statement in v. 16b does not need to function as a “counter-assertion” to the praise in vv. 14-15 but, rather, as introducing the proclamation of judgment for the unrighteous (v. 16c).
538 Wilson de Angelo Cunha
(cf. v. 10). This same contrast between the eujsebhv" “godly†and the
ajsebhv" “ungodly†is present in LXX Isa 24,14-16, which introduces
the negative cry of the ajsebw'n (v. 8) in v. 14a and the proclamation of
hope for the eujsebhv" “godly†in v. 16a (30).
As it is clear from the discussion above, LXX Isa interpreted the
phrase qydxl ybx in v. 16a not as a divine epithet but as a reference to the
godly person. V. 16a proclaims “hope†for the “pious personâ€. This
proclamation of hope contrasts with the announcement of doom for the
“ungodly†which follows in v. 16b, as we will discuss below.
c) The Function of the “I†Statement
LXX Isa 24,16b-c reads as follows: kai; ejrou'sin oujai; toi'"
ajqetou'sin oiJ ajqetou'nte" to;n novmon. NETS translated this phrase as
“but those who reject the law will say, woe to those who reject!†(31).
Although this translation has the advantage of taking the plural oiJ
ajqetou'nte" “the ones who reject†as the subject of the plural verb
ejrou'sin “they will sayâ€, it also has one important disadvantage in that
“the ones who reject the law†announce doom to the “ones who reject
the lawâ€. In our opinion, NETS’s footnote translation is to be preferred:
“they will say: woe to those who reject - those who reject the lawâ€. In
this way, an unidentified “they†announces “doom†to the law
breakers(32).
The relationship between the LXX and the Hebrew is as follows. In
v. 16c (LXX 16d), the interjection oujai is a translation of ywa. The
words ylAyzr ylAyzr were not rendered (33). The phrase toi'" aqetousin (v.
j '
16d’) is a rendition of the l in MT’s previous clause together with μydgb
in the present clause (34). So, the Greek oujai; toi'" ajqetou'sin is a re-
(30) The singular eujsebhv" in Isa 24,16 must be taken in a collective sense,
designating in general terms the “pious personâ€. This general use of the singular
eujsebhv" is often attested in Sir 11,22; 12,2.4; 13,17; 16,13; 27,11; 33,14; 37,12;
and also in PsSol 13,5.
(31) Cf. A. PIETERSMA – B.G. WRIGHT (eds.), A New English Translation of the
Septuagint and the Other Greek Translations Traditionally Included Under That
Title (IOSCS; Oxford 2007) 842.
(32) Cf. Septuaginta Deutsch’s translation — Septuaginta Deutsch. Das
griechische Alte Testament in deutscher Übersetzung (eds. W. KRAUS – M.
KARRER) (Stuttgart 2009) 1250: “Wehe denen, die untreu sind, die dem Gesetz
untreu sind!†(italics theirs).
(33) Cf. OTTLEY, Isaiah, II, 223.
(34) Cf. DAS NEVES, IsaÃas, 229; M.H. GOSHEN-GOTTSTEIN, The Hebrew
University Bible. The Book of Isaiah. The Hebrew University Bible Project (ed.
M.H. GOSHEN-GOTTSTEIN) (Jerusalem 1995) ad loc.