Wilson de Angelo Cunha, «A Brief Discussion of MT Isaiah 24,14-16», Vol. 90 (2009) 530-544
Recent scholarship interprets Isaiah 24,14-16 in light of a “prophetic disputation pattern” genre, which sees the praise in vv. 14-15 as an assertion and the “I” statement in v. 16b as the counter-assertion, thus, correcting the assertion in vv. 14-15. This article seeks to challenge this interpretation and argue that the “I” statement in v. 16b does not need to function as a “counter-assertion” to the praise in vv. 14-15 but, rather, as introducing the proclamation of judgment for the unrighteous (v. 16c).
A Brief Discussion of MT Isaiah 24,14-16 537
In contrast with the negative “cry†of the ajsebw'n “wicked ones†of
v. 14a, the people who are spared from judgment are described as
“rejoicing†in the salvation (th/' dovxh/ kurivou) of the Lord in v. 14b (28).
The concept dovxa is important in LXX Isa 24,14-16 as it appears again
in v. 15a (for wdbk) and in v. 15b as e[ndoxon without any connection
with the Hebrew Vorlage. Thus, LXX emphasizes in vv. 14b-15b the
theme of salvation for the few men of v. 6d who were spared from the
judgment.
b) qydxl ybx as the “godly personâ€
The phrase ejlpi;" tw/' eujsebei' (v. 16a) is connected to the Hebrew
qydxl ybx. The word ybx in Hebrew Isa means either a “gazelle†(Isa
13,14) or “beauty, glory†(Isa 28,4.5). In Isa 24,16, ybx is best translated
as “gloryâ€. The LXX translator, however, read ybx in light of Aramaic
wbx “will, desire; willingness†(29) and translated it with ejlpiv" “hopeâ€
(cf. also LXX Isa 28,4.5). The use of ejlpiv" in 24,16a contrasts with
dorkavdion “gazelle†in 13,14 and possibly dovxa in 28,1. The example
from Isa 13,14; 28,1 shows that the translator knew the meaning of ybc
as “gazelle†or “gloryâ€. As such, the use of ejlpiv" in 24,16a is
significant.
The word eujsebhv" “pious; religious†renders qydx “just, righteousâ€
in Isa 24,16a. ΔEusebhv" appears only three more times in LXX Isa.
Like 24,16a, eujsebhv" appears twice in 26,7 as a rendition of qydx,
whereas in 32,8 it translates the Hebrew bydn “nobleâ€. The use of
eujsebhv" in Isa 26,7 is important for understanding Isa 24,16. In 26,7,
the phrase “the way of the godly (eujsebhv")†is in sharp contrast with
the “ungodly†(ajsebhv") in v. 10: whereas the way of the “godly†is
right (vv. 7-8), the ungodly will not learn “righteousness†and “truthâ€
(28) For the concept of dovxa as “salvation†in LXX Isa, cf. L.H. BROCKINGTON,
“The Greek Translator of Isaiah and His Interest in DOXAâ€, VT 1 (1951) 32, 36.
(29) Cf. BROCKINGTON, “DOXAâ€, 29. W. RUDOLPH, Jesaja 24-27 (BWA[N]T
62; Stuttgart 1933) 12, proposed that the translator read ybx in light of Hebrew hbx
“to want, to wish†— cf. L. KOEHLER – W. BAUMGARTNER (eds.), The Hebrew and
Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden 1994) III, 997. From now on
HALOT. A third proposal was advanced by R.R. OTTLEY, The Book of Isaiah
according to the LXX. Text and Notes (Cambridge 1906) II, 223, who suggested
the translator read ybx in light of hpx meaning in the pi‘el “to hope for (cf. HALOT,
III, 1044). J. FISCHER, In welcher Schrift lag das Buch Isaiah den LXX vor? Eine
Textkritische Studie (BZAW 56; Giessen 1930) 40, made a similar suggestion to
Ottley.