Wilson de Angelo Cunha, «A Brief Discussion of MT Isaiah 24,14-16», Vol. 90 (2009) 530-544
Recent scholarship interprets Isaiah 24,14-16 in light of a “prophetic disputation pattern” genre, which sees the praise in vv. 14-15 as an assertion and the “I” statement in v. 16b as the counter-assertion, thus, correcting the assertion in vv. 14-15. This article seeks to challenge this interpretation and argue that the “I” statement in v. 16b does not need to function as a “counter-assertion” to the praise in vv. 14-15 but, rather, as introducing the proclamation of judgment for the unrighteous (v. 16c).
536 Wilson de Angelo Cunha
protasis ejavn + sub. aor. verb: kalamhshtai
v
v. 13b:
kalamhsontai
v
v. 13c: apodosis ind. fut. verb:
protasis ejavn + sub. aor. verb: paushtai
v
v. 13d:
bohsontai
v
v. 14a: apodosis ind. fut. verb:
Vv. 13b-14a are also connected by the theme of agriculture
introduced in v. 13b-c: “just as when someone gleans an olive tree, so
shall they glean themâ€. Vv. 13d-14a follow up on the same theme: “just
as when the harvest ceases, these will cry aloudâ€. The connection
between v. 14a with v. 13b-c indicates that the cause for the expression
of cry in v. 14a is found in the stripping of a group of people referred to
as aujtouv" “them†in v. 13c. The question arises as to the identity of the
aujtouv" “them†in v. 13c.
In LXX Isa 24, vv. 8-12 form a literary unit. In this unit, there are
only two candidates that could be identified with the masc. plural
aujtouv" of v. 13c. The first is the masc. plural oi\koi “houses†of v.
12b. However, oi\koi “houses†is not the best candidate as the subject
of aujtouv" because the latter is described as “crying aloud†in v. 14a.
Given that “houses†do not cry aloud, it is almost certain that
“houses†is not the subject of aujtouv". The only second candidate is
the masc. plural ajsebw'n “wicked ones†of v. 8b. They are described
as being “ashamed†(hj/scuvqhsan in v. 9a) and are called to “wailâ€
(ojloluvzete) in v. 11a. It has been correctly argued that the use of
boavw in v. 14a is related to the concept of “wailing†in ojloluvzete of
v. 11a (26). In view of this, the phrase ou{tw" kalamhvsontai aujtouv"
“thus they will strip them†is about the stripping of the ajsebw'n
“wicked ones†in v. 8b. Whereas v. 13 proclaims the stripping of the
ajsebw'n “wicked onesâ€, v. 14a depicts them as “crying aloudâ€. Thus,
the ou|toi “these†in v. 14a is best identified as the ajsebw'n “wicked
ones†of v. 8b: they “cry aloud†because they were stripped like the
stripping of an olive tree.
The second aspect of v. 14 concerns the identity of the “ones leftâ€
of v. 14b. The latter must be identified as the “few men†of v. 6d for
the same verb kataleivpw “to leave†is found in both places. Thus, v.
14b is an expression of praise by the “few men†(v. 6d) spared from
judgment (27).
(26) Cf. DAS NEVES, IsaÃas, 226.
(27) Cf. DAS NEVES, IsaÃas, 226. About kataleivpw, this word is also found in v.
12a in connection with the feminine povlei" “citiesâ€. As povlei" is a feminine noun,
it can not be the subject of the masculine participle kataleifqevnte" in v. 14b.