The Interpretation and Translation of Verbs of "Giving" in the New Testament 117 Translation of the two verbs with this usage is difficult because no English verb of “giving” appears with the usage of Transference Terminating in a Locative. This explains two peculiarities of the translation of δίδωμι and παραδίδωμι with this usage: translation by alternative English verbs with the usage of Transference Terminating in a Locative (e.g., place, put, set), in order to maintain the Locative function of the complements; or translation of the Locative complements (in, on) as Goal complements (into, onto), in order to maintain the English verbs of “giving”. The following translations accommodate the Benefactive of the action and Theme and the Locative function of the third argument by using “and” to coordinate “give” or “give over” and a following English verb with the usage of Transference Terminating in a Locative and realizing the Theme and Locative complements of δίδωμι or παραδίδωμι as complements of the following English verb.13 This permits “give” or “give over” to retrieve the content of its null Theme and Goal complements from the Theme and Locative complements of the following verb and then to make the appropriate entity the Benefactive of the action and Theme. The ±animate distinction also has implications for the lexical realization of Locative complements with this usage. P/εἰς (on) and P/ἐνώπιον (before) prepositional realizations appear only with the +animate Locative; and N+dat (in, under) appears only with the –animate Locative. P/ἐν appears with both the +animate and the –animate Locative. The Locative never is a definite null complement. The P/εἰς [+an] Locative appears on only one occasion:14 Therefore the one rejecting rejects not a human being but the God also giving and placing [[for us]] the Holy Spirit [[which becomes ours]] on us (1 Thes 4,8) τοιγαροῦν ὁ ἀθετῶν οὐκ ἄνθρωπον ἀθετεῖ ἀλλὰ τὸν θεὸν τὸν καὶ διδόντα τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ τὸ ἅγιον εἰς ὑμᾶς The P/ἐνώπιον [+an] Locative also appears on one occasion:15 13 Further consideration of the rationale for this procedure for translation appears in Danove, “Goal and Locative Complements”, 53-54. 14 This singular NT occurrence coheres with the LXX, in which P/εἰς consistently gov- erns +animate Locative complements with δίδωμι: Deut 1,13; Jdth 14,2; Tob 3,12; Mal 2,9; Ezek 3,3; 37,6b.14. 15 This singular NT occurrence coheres with the LXX, in which P/ἐνώπιον consistently governs +animate Locative complements with all verbs of giving: ἀποδίδωμι, Ps 21,26; δίδωμι, Deut 4,8; 6,22; 11,26.32; 1 Kgs 8,50; 9,6; 2 Kgs 4,43a; Neh 1,11; 9,35b; Esth 14,13; Dan 9,10; παραδίδωμι, Num 32,4; Deut 1,8; Judg 11,9; 1 Kgs 8,46; Ezra 7,19