Joost Smit Sibinga, «From Anointing to Arrest. Some Observations on the Composition of Mark 14:1-52», Vol. 23 (2010) 3-35
The article investigates the composition of Mark 14:1-52, in particular the words of Jesus, who speaks 14 times, including the four "Amen-words". The analysis is based mainly on the number of syllabes but also on the number of words used in the text. It reveals an ingenious design of considerable refinement and complexity. Mark"s composition method appears to be determined by a remarkable sense of order and technical precision and by a high degree of professional literary skill.
28 Joost Smit Sibinga
Mark 14:48-49a: 12 + « 21 + 25 = 58
49b: 10 » = 10
50-52: 11 + 32 + 15 = 58 | 126 syllables
The balance is achieved with perfect precision and both N(arrative)
and D(iscourse) contribute to it. It seems the spoken part of the text
and the narrative were written the way we read them now in one and
the same act - not an act of ‘piecing together’ materials from different
sources, but a conscious, careful, patient and rather sophisticated literary
process at the hand of an accomplished author. One is tempted to quote
Philo: οὐδὲν ... λεχθὲν παρέργως εὑρήσεις, ‘you will find that nothing is
said in a careless, off-hand way’.53 Anyway, the symmetrical arrangement
of the context of the final phrase of Jesus’ last words spoken in public,
concerning the fulfilment of ‘the scriptures’ would seem to add to its
weight and significance.
14.1 The reader has already noticed that our analysis of Mark’s
story of the arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane did not start from the story’s
inadequacies or complexities as perceived by modern scholars54 or from a
supposed ability on our part to distinguish in a valid way between earlier
and later elements of the text. Nor did we pay attention to historical
considerations concerning what may or may not have happened at this
particular occasion.55 Rather, we have assumed (a) that the modern
critical edition we are using offers a text close to the archetypus of the
available textual tradition; (b) that, as we have it, this narrative did in its
own way make sense and still has a certain logic and consistency of its
53
Legum Allegoriae III.147; see C.F.D. Moule, ‘Fulfilment-words in the New Testament.
Use and Abuse’ (1968) in idem, Essays in New Testament Interpretation, Cambridge &c.:
U.P., 1982, p. 33.
54
See, e.g., G. Schneider, ‘Die Verhaftung Jesu. Traditionsgeschichte von Mk 14,43-52’,
ZNW 63 (1972) 188-209, reprinted in: idem, Jesusüberlieferung & Christologie (NovTS
67), Leiden: Brill, 1992, p. 237-257, see p. 239-241: ‘Einwände gegen die Einheitlichkeit des
43-52
Gesamttextes Mk 14 ’.
55
R. Bultmann, Die Geschichte der synoptischen Tradition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck
& Ruprecht, 1921, p. 162-163 (and ²1931, p. 289-290) stated that Mark 14:44-45, being
‘legendarisch gefärbt’ was no part of Mark’s source and that v. 48-49, also inspired by ‘Ge-
meindeapologetik und -dogmatik’, must have replaced something original. His statements
are still echoed in recent literature. See, e.g., D. Dormeyer, ‘Joh18.1-14 Par. Mk 14:43-53’
(above, note 40) p. 228 (earlier, Dormeyer attributed eleven small segments of the text of
Mark 14:43-52 to three different stages of its (pre)history: Die Passion Jesu als Verhal-
tensmodell (NtlAbh, NF, 11), Münster: Aschendorf, 1974, p. 145) and A. Yarbro Collins,
Mark. A Commentary (above, note 13), p. 686-687. M. Dibelius, Die Formgeschichte des
Evangeliums, Tübingen: Mohr, ³1959 [= ²1933], p. 205-206, studied the passage from the
point of view of its ‘Geschichtlichkeit’ and concluded - with many others - that it originated
with the eyewitness who figures in Mark 14:51-52.