Joost Smit Sibinga, «From Anointing to Arrest. Some Observations on the Composition of Mark 14:1-52», Vol. 23 (2010) 3-35
The article investigates the composition of Mark 14:1-52, in particular the words of Jesus, who speaks 14 times, including the four "Amen-words". The analysis is based mainly on the number of syllabes but also on the number of words used in the text. It reveals an ingenious design of considerable refinement and complexity. Mark"s composition method appears to be determined by a remarkable sense of order and technical precision and by a high degree of professional literary skill.
32 Joost Smit Sibinga
(7) Earlier, in our § 13.1 above, we found patterns of ‘concentric
symmetry’ in Mark 14:43-44 as well as in v. 45-46 and v. 51-52. In Mark
14:43 the first twenty-seven words of the story read as 10 + 8 + 9 words;
these last 9 words form a central element when they are followed by 8 +
«10», the 18 words of v. 44. In a formula: a-b-c-b-a. In a comparable way,
the nineteen ( 7 + 3 + 9 ) words of v, 45-46 find a counterpart in the 9 + 3 +
7 = 19 words of v. 51-52, and here too one can hardly miss the suggestion
of an inclusio. In the pattern of verbal forms, as shown in Chart 12, one
may, following up on our earlier remarks, discern the sequence 2 + 3 + 8 +
2 + 4 + 2 + 8 + 3 + 2, and both the central element (v. 47, four verbal forms)
and the similarity, step by step and mirror-wise, between what came
before and what comes after, become manifest. The obvious conclusion
is again that the narrative was not ‘pieced together’ from various stray
pieces of traditional material61, but skilfully and carefully composed as a
complete well-structured unit.
In Conclusion
15 It is time to return to the full collection of Jesus’ last words spoken
among his followers, on which Chart 1 and Chart 2 provide essential
information.
15.1.1 Of the fourteen entries, the first four use 196 (= 14²) s. Jesus’ last
short speech at the arrest (Mark 14:48b-49, # 14) measures 56 (= 4 x 14) s.
and it is framed in v. 48-52 by 70 s. (see § 13.2.4). In the larger context,
from the arrival at Gethsemane (Mark 14:32) onwards, N(arrative) uses
197 + 223 = 420 or 15 x 28 s. (see Chart 2). Two of the Amen-sayings,
(a) ad (c), are introduced by an ‘Annex’; the size of these two annexes
amounts to 112 or 4 x 28 s. (see Chart 1).
In Mark 14:13 Jesus orders two of the disciples: ‘Go into the city and
a man carrying a jar of water will meet you’: 8 + 10 + 10 = 28 syllables in
Greek. When Jesus predicts that all the disciples will defect him (Mark
14:27), Peter protests in v. 29b: ‘... but I will not’; he says so in 14 syllables.
The central phrase of the prayer in Mark 14:36 (# 11) is: παρένεγκε τὸ
ποτήριον τοῦτο ἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ: 14 syllables. How in Gethsemane Jesus returns
to the sleeping disciples a third and last time is told in Mark 14:41:
61
So, e.g., and with many other authorities, Morna Hooker, The Gospel according to St.
Mark, 1991, p. 351. Of course it cannot and should be denied that Mark used traditional
material.