Joost Smit Sibinga, «From Anointing to Arrest. Some Observations on the Composition of Mark 14:1-52», Vol. 23 (2010) 3-35
The article investigates the composition of Mark 14:1-52, in particular the words of Jesus, who speaks 14 times, including the four "Amen-words". The analysis is based mainly on the number of syllabes but also on the number of words used in the text. It reveals an ingenious design of considerable refinement and complexity. Mark"s composition method appears to be determined by a remarkable sense of order and technical precision and by a high degree of professional literary skill.
From Anointing to Arrest. Some Observations on the Composition of Mark... 15
9.2 From Chart 1 it is also clear that, in his first saying, Mark 14:
6b-9, Jesus uses 89 + 46 = 135 syllables. This saying, of course, is the main
element, the raison d’être of the little episode. The frame of the episode,
however, Mark 14:1-2 and 10-11, featuring Judas and the chief priests26,
is of exactly the same size, and here again, the symmetry of the opening
and closing parts is obvious, as it is elsewhere:
Mark 14: 1-2: 46 + 21 = 67
3-5: 69 + 69 = 138
6-9: 6 + « 135 »= 141 | 279
10-11: 31 + 24 + 13 = 68 | 135 | 414 syllables
Does the frame, mainly N(arrative), copy the size of the sayings in v.
6-9 - or is it perhaps the other way around? It is difficult to tell; but that
the sizes match is beyond doubt.
9.3 If we make a (slight) break after the introduction in v. 6b-d,
moreover, we once more find two balancing elements and a center piece:
Mark 14:6bc,d: « 5˙ 9; 11. = 25
7-8a: 39. 7˙ = 46
8b: 11 + 7. = 18
9: Ἀμήν ... » 46 | 110 | 135 syllables
V. 8b: προέλαβεν μυρίσαι τὸ σῶμά μου εἰς τὸν ἐνταφιασμόν is the
central element, and this interpretation of the unnamed woman’s act of
anointing Jesus is probably the main thing the reader should remember
from the incident.27 The Amen-saying in v. 9 is a unit of 46 syllables, and
so is its pendant in v. 7-8a. Already the opening of the story in Mark
14:1 uses 17 + 29 = 46 syllables (in 23 words), and thereby presents a key
number: the full size of Mark 14:1-11 is, as we saw, 414 or 9 x 46 syllables.
The following survey could show some of the internal proportions:
26
In Mark 14:10, and also in 14:1, ἀρχιερεῖς is counted as four syllables. On Mark 14:1-
2, 3-9, 10-11 as a well-known example of ’intercalation’ in Mark, see G. van Oyen, ‘Interca-
lation and Irony in the Gospel of Mark’, The Four Gospels 1992, Festschrift F. Neirynck
(BETL 100), Leuven: Peeters, 1992, [100-B] p. 949-974, especially p. 949-951, 960. Those
who reconstruct a pre-Marcan passion narrative usually consider Mark 14:3-9 as a Mar-
can addition in the earlier document. See, e.g., F.C. Grant, The Gospels, Their Origin and
Growth, London: Faber and Faber, 1965, p. 78-79. Cf. M. Dibelius, Die Formgeschichte des
Evangeliums, Tübingen: Mohr, (²1933) ³1959, p. 178-180: ‘... nur ein ohne weiteres auslösba-
res Erzählungsstück ... Mk 143-9 ...’; see also pp. 186 and 206.
27
Cf., e.g., E. Schweizer, Das Evangelium nach Markus (NTD), Göttingen: Vanden-
hoeck & Ruprecht, 1967, p. 167: ‘... die Geschichte .. ist ... wegen V. 8 an den Anfang der
Passionsgeschichte gestellt worden ..’.