Claude Perera, «Burn or boast? A Text Critical Analysis of 1 Cor 13:3.», Vol. 18 (2005) 111-128
The dearth of external evidence in addition to the support of arguments
from a transcriptional probability perspective eliminates the variants kauqh|=
and kauqh/setai in 1 Cor 13:3. Besides having a syntactic problem, the variant
kauqh/swmai is a theologically motivated scribal intervention. Historical
facts, hinder the candidature of kauqh/somai and a syntagmatic approach
does not favour either kauqh/somai or kauxh/swmai. In Paul boasting is ambivalent.
"To boast in the Lord" is something positive. Furthermore, Petzer
justifies kauxh/swmai from a structural point of view. On textual, grammatical
and historical grounds kauxh/swmai cannot be a later addition.
112 Claude Perera
I divide up all my possessions to feed the poor2, and if I deliver my body
so that I may boast, but have not love, I gain nothingâ€). Καυχ σωμαι
being aorist subjunctive of καυχ ομα , it means “that I might boast or
gloryâ€. The four following variants have been proposed to καυχ σωμαι
(cf. Appendix 1):
Variant 1: καυθ σωμαι [future subjunctive, passive of κα ω “to burnâ€]
(“…I might be burned.â€)
Variant 2 [NA25]: καυθ σομαι [future indicative, passive of κα ω “to
burnâ€] (“…I will be burned.â€)
Variant 3: καυθ [aorist subjunctive passive of κα ω “to burnâ€] (“…that
it might be burned.â€)
Variant 4 [GNT3]: καυθ σεται [future indicative, passive, of κα ω “to
burnâ€] (“…that it will be burned.â€)
It must be noted that older Critical and other Versions have made their
own choices. Tischendorf, von Soden, (Vogels) and Eberhard Nestle, Au-
gustinus Merk and Gebhardt have consistently maintained καυθ σομαι,
(whereas καυθ σωμαι was the choice of Alford, Baljon, Bover, Grinfield,
Jager, Tregelles & Souter and Weymouth). Westcott-Hort have opted
for καυχ σωμαι. Vulgate’s ut ardeam (“that I may be burntâ€) has been
faithfully followed in Latin New Testaments except in the Nova Vulgata
Bibliorum Sacrorum (1986) which has changed to ut glorier. Almost all
the major modern versions have chosen “to be burned†or the equivalent3.
Unique exceptions among modern versions are the RSV 19714 and NRSV
which have chosen, “so that I may boast.†This situation of favouring
2
I am basing myself on Thiselton for this translation. He says, “The noun ψωμ ον means
a small piece of bread or morsel of food. If the emphasis of the cognate verb lies on breaking
up a piece of bread into small morsels, ψωμ ζω means to divide into small pieces (esp. to
give away) … . If the emphasis lies on bread, ψωμ ζω primarily means to give some food, to
feed (as clearly in Rom 12:20)â€. Cf. A.C. Thiselton, The First Epistle to the Corinthians:
a Commentary on the Greek Text (The New International Greek Testament Commentary;
Grand Rapids, MI 2000) 1044. It must also be remarked that although usually ψωμ ζω takes
a double accusative, in 1 Cor 13:3 the accusative of person (which is the indirect object of
giving) is omitted. Cf. Ch. Hodge, An Exposition of the First Epistle to the Corinthians
(Grand Rapids, MI 1857; repr. 1980) 268.
3
They are KJV, KNOX BIBLE, Douay-Rheims, NIV, NAS, NAB, REB, RSV, ESV,
NKJV, NEB, GNB, TEV, CEV, NIRV, WNT, NJB, LB, EÜ, HB, TOB, NBE, SACRA BIB-
BIA (PIB), and CEI.
4
It must be noted that it is only the 1971 edition out of all RSV editions and the NRSV
have chosen “that I may boastâ€.