Matthew D. McDill, «A Textual and Structural Analysis of Mark 16:9-20.», Vol. 17 (2004) 27-44
The purpose of this study is to address two questions: 1) Should Mark 16:9-20 be included in biblical exegesis and 2) If so, what are the structural features of this passage that might aid in its interpretation? In order to answer the first question, the external and internal evidence concerning this passage as a textual variant and the question of its canonicity will be explored.
The second question will be answered by presenting a diagram of the passage’s syntactical and semantic structure and by making observations concerning the unit’s overall structure and development.
32 Matthew D. McDill
of the book)24. Although in the minority, these arguments by Burgon and
Terry should not be quickly dismissed. The question of language is diffi-
cult and will not be explored further in this paper. However, it must be
noted that an honest evaluation of the evidence will include these argu-
ments in favor of Markan style. An example of these arguments is Terry’s
discussion of the awkward junction.
There are at least five reasons that the junction of v. 8 and v. 9 seem
awkward:
(1) The subject of verse 8 is the women, whereas Jesus is the presumed
subject of verse 9; (2) the other women of verse 1-8 are forgotten in verses
9-20; (3) in verse 9 Mary Magdalene is identified even though she has been
mentioned only a few lines before; (4) while the use of anastas de (“Now
risingâ€) and the position of proton (“firstâ€) are appropriate at the beginning
of a comprehensive narrative, they are ill-suited in a continuation of verses
1-8; and (5) the use of the conjunction gar (“forâ€) at the end of verse 8 is very
abrupt25.
In response to these reasons, Terry points out that there are at least five
other junctures in Mark that start a new unit, have Jesus as the presumed
subject (“heâ€) without Jesus being the subject of the last verse, and do not
again mention the subjects of the last verse (Mark 2:13; 6:45; 7:31; 8:1; and
14:3). This addresses the first two points. Terry argues that the identifi-
cation of Mary is a “stylistic feature of giving additional information in
a type of flashback about someone previously mentioned†and that it
occurs four other times in Mark (Mark 3:16, 17; 6:16; 7:26). Concerning
point four (that v. 9 is an inappropriate beginning to a continuation of
vv. 1-8), Terry responds, “It is only necessary to point out that verse 9 is
not a continuation of the section found in verse 1-8; it is the start of a new
oneâ€26. Finally, the word Î³Î¬Ï ends the phrase because the phrase consists
of only two words and grammatically should not begin with γάÏ. Mark
uses Î³Î¬Ï in several other short sentences. Although Terry admits that
with all of these elements appearing in one place the juncture does seem
awkward, he concludes that one cannot argue that the language and style
of the LE are not Markan.
Two more arguments against the LE can be added to the internal evi-
dence: (3) The LE appears to be a synthesis of the resurrection appearances
Terry, “Style,†http://matthew.ovc.edu/terry/articles/mkendsty.htm. Danove, who
24
concludes that the LE is not Markan writes, “Though the investigation of the vocabulary
yielded results questioning its originality, it does not establish an adequate basis for its
exclusionâ€. Danove, End of Mark’s Story, 125.
Terry, “Style,†http://matthew.ovc.edu/terry/articles/mkendsty.htm.
25
Terry, “Style,†http://matthew.ovc.edu/terry/articles/mkendsty.htm.
26