Paul Danove, «A Comparison Of The Usage Of Akouw And Akouw- Compounds In The Septuagint And New Testament», Vol. 14 (2001) 65-86
This study characterizes all occurrences of
a0kou/w and seven related verbs (a0ntakou/w,
diakou/w, ei0sakou/w,
e0nakou/w, e0pakou/w,
parakou/w, and u9pakou/w)
in the Septuagint and New Testament according to their semantic and
syntactic properties, develops a single set of rules to describe the
distribution of noun phrase objects of these verbs, and then compares the
patterns of usage of these verbs in the Septuagint and New Testament. A
preliminary discussion identifies the semantic and syntactic properties
necessary to describe all biblical occurrences of
a0kou/w and proposes a set of descriptive rules that govern the
syntactic case of its noun phrase objects. Further investigation then
indicates that this same set of rules with only one minor modification
also is adequate to describe the syntactic case of noun phrase objects of
the noted a0kou/w-compounds. The discussion
concludes by comparing the distribution of noun phrase objects in
particular syntactic cases within the Septuagint and New Testament.
Paul Danove
68
o{tan de; ajkouvshte polevmou~ kai; ajkoa;~ polevmwn, mh; qroei`sqe
when you hear about wars and reports of wars, don’t be alarmed (Mark
13:7).
In this usage both speaker and non-speaker objects [± speaker] appear
in the accusative, and the verb usually is translated «hear about» or «hear
of» but may have the translation, «hear that,» when a noun phrase object
is modified by a participle 5:
ina ajkouvw ta; ejma; tevkna ejn th`/ ajlhqeiva/ peripatou`nta
{
so that I may hear that my children are walking in the truth (3 John 4).
1.2.2. Clausal Objects [121 occurrences]
The topic construction also appears with four types of clausal objects:
oti clauses, infinitive with subject accusative phrases, relative or correla-
{
tive clauses, and the eij interrogative clause. The object o{ti clause has 109
occurrences 6:
hkousen jIhsou~ o{ti ejxevbalon aujto;n e[xw...
[
Jesus heard that they threw him out.... (John 9:35a).
The object infinitive with subject accusative phrase appears three times
and receives the translation, «hear that» or «hear about 7:»
dia; tou'to uJphnthsen aujtw'/ oJ o[clo", o{ti h[kousan tou'to aujto;n
pepoihkenai to; shmei'on
v
Therefore the crowd met him because they heard that he had done this
sign. (John 12:18).
5
Object noun phrases [+ speaker] (active, indirect): 2 Macc 11:24; 3 Macc 4:12;
Wis 11:13]; Eph 4:21; 2 Thess 3:11; and 3 John 4.
6
Object o{ti clauses (indirect): Gen 14:14; 29:33; 34:5; 39:15, 18; 42:2; 43:25;
Num 14:13, 14; 22:36; Josh 2:10; 5:1; 9:16; 10:1; Judg 20:3; Ruth 1:6; 1 Sam 7:7;
14:22; 22:6; 23:10; 25:4; 25:7, 39 [A]; 2 Sam 4:1; 5:17; 8:9; 11:26; 16:21; 1 Kgs 1:11;
5:1; 11:21; 12:20, 24d; 20:16; 2 Kgs 3:21; 5:8; 19:8; 20:12; 25:23; 1 Chr 14:8; 18:9; 2
Chr 20:29; 2 Esdr 4:1; 13:33; 14:1, 9; Esth 4:17m; Tob 7:7; 1 Macc 3:13; 5:1; 6:1, 55;
9:1; 10:8, 19; 11:63; 12:24, 28, 34; 13:1; 14:2, 16, 17, 40; 4 Macc 4:22; Zech 8:23; Isa
37:8, 9; 39:1; Jer 45:7, 25; 47:7, 11; Lam 1:21; Dan 5:14, 16; Matt 2:22; 4:12; 5:21,
27, 33, 38, 43; 20:30; 22:34; Mark 6:55; 10:47; 16:11; Luke 1:58; John 4:1, 47; 9:35a;
11:6, 20; 12:12, 34; 14:28; 21:7; Acts 8:14; 9:38; 11:1; 15:24; 16:38; 19:26; 21:22;
22:2; Gal 1:23; Phil 2:26; 1 John 2:18.
7
Object infinitive with subject accusative phrases (active, indirect): Tob 6:14; John
12:18; 1 Cor 11:18). R. W. Funk, A Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic
Greek (Missoula: University of Montana Press, 1973), 462-463, considers such phrases
to be the semantic equivalents of a subordinate clause introduced by o{ti.