Debbie Hunn, «Pleasing God or Pleasing People? Defending the Gospel in Galatians 1–2», Vol. 91 (2010) 24-49
Scholars agree that in Gal 1,13–2,21 Paul substantiates his gospel but disagree as to his method. The three common views: that Paul defends his apostolate, that he denies accusations, and that he functions as a paradigm conflict with the text. Instead, Paul sets up two categories in 1,10 — that of seeking to please people and that of seeking to please God — and defends his gospel by means of his Damascus experience together with his subsequent life motivation.
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that status in a human system is no longer his goal, that is, that he is
not in the first category. This, then, constitutes evidence that he is in
the second category, that is, that he sought to please God and
therefore that he taught the gospel he received from God. He has
not, however, finished validating his gospel. He must establish not
only that he received the gospel from God but that he did not
rewrite the message later. For this he need not relate every
evangelistic encounter he had but simply show that when the gospel
was threatened, he did not waver on it. Again, it is threats or
potential threats from apostles that matter because if he alters his
message to gain in prominence, he alters it for them. He recounts
two incidents.
2. The Jerusalem Council: Galatians 2,1-10
In 2,1-10 Paul summarizes his dealings with the apostles during
a time when false brethren in the church were compelling Gentile
converts to be circumcised. Most scholars equate Gal 2,1-10 with
the Jerusalem Council of Acts 15 because both the issues and the
people are the same, but Paul’s evidence for the truth of his gospel
has brought both his account and Luke’s into question. Because
epeita “ then †in 1,18.21 leads to the next step in Paul’s itinerary,
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scholars take epeita in 2,1 to mean that Paul relates every
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destination of his travels. Furthermore, they argue that with or
without epeita in 2,1, Paul must include every visit to Jerusalem in
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Galatians 1–2 46. The problem, however, is that if Paul recounts each
visit to Jerusalem, then the second trip Paul records in Galatians
must be the second trip he made in fact, but Luke records the
famine visit of Acts 11,27-30; 12,25 between Paul’s first visit in
Acts 9 and the Jerusalem Council in Acts 15. Therefore, a minority
of scholars equates Gal 2,1-10 with Acts 11,28-30 ; others believe
Luke to be mistaken; and still others believe the error to be on the
part of Paul 47.
See, e.g., BRUCE, Galatians, 106; DUNN, Galatians, 87; LONGENECKER,
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Galatians, 36. This idea is almost universal.
See LONGENECKER, Galatians, lxxvii-lxxxiii, 47; BRUCE, Galatians,
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108-109, for the identification of Gal 2,1-10 with Acts 11,27-30. See J. KNOX,
Chapters in a Life of Paul (ed. D.R.A. HARE) (Macon, GA 1987) 35-40;
LUEDEMANN, Apostle to Gentiles, 21, for the view that Luke was mistaken. See