Thomas R. Hatina, «Who Will See "The Kingdom of God Coming with Power" in Mark 9,1 — Protagonists or Antagonists?», Vol. 86 (2005) 20-34
In conventional readings of Mark 9,1, the meaning of the
"kingdom of God coming with power" determines the identity of the bystanders who
will supposedly experience ("see") it. Since the prediction of the kingdom is
usually regarded as a blessing, it is assumed that the bystanders are
protagonists. In contrast to this conventional approach, the reading proposed in
this essay begins with the group(s) which will experience ("see") "the kingdom
of God coming with power", first in 9,1 and then in 13,26 and 14,62. When prior
attention is given to these groups in the context of the narrative, Jesus’
prediction in Mark 9,1 emerges not as a blessing promised to the protagonists,
but as a threat of judgment aimed at antagonists.
Who Will See “The Kingdom of God Coming with Power†25
prediction in 9,1 is, in short, thought to be a hidden reprimand to those
followers of Jesus who have set their sights solely on his coming in
glory while bypassing the life of suffering (14). His linking of 9,1 with
the ultimate cost of discipleship in 8,34-37 provides for an intriguing
and unique reading. While Trocmé’s proposal is attractive, it does not
extend the synonymous relationship between 8,38 and 9,1 to include
“the kingdom of God coming with power†(15).
Instead, the synonymous parallelism appears overt and extends to
every part of 8,38 and 9,1. In addition to the parallelism between the
“ashamed†and the bystanders and between the “son of man coming in
glory†and the “kingdom coming with powerâ€, Mark includes a
temporal parallel. The temporal marker, “this sinful and adulterous
generationâ€, in 8,38 can be equated with “will not taste death untilâ€, in
9,1, indicating that the fulfillment of both predictions will occur at the
same time. In Mark’s story world, it is doubtful that “this generationâ€
refers to persons other than Jesus’ contemporaries. Although Mark
certainly has in mind those members of his community who can no
longer embrace his eschatological hope, at the level of the story’s
performance the designation refers to anyone who does not
wholeheartedly embrace the radicalism which Jesus not only demands,
but he himself undertakes. The “tasting of death†in this context cannot
be equated with spiritual death (cf. John 8,51-52) (16) or the immortal
figures of Jewish folklore (17). Not “tasting of death†appears to be
(14) TROCMÉ, “Marc 9,1: prédiction ou réprimande?â€, 265.
(15) Also at issue is the suggestion made by J.A.T. ROBINSON, Jesus and His
Coming. The Emergence of a Doctrine [London 1957] 90, that 9,1 refers to two
distinct groups. One group is represented by the third person participle tw'n
eJsthkovtwn and refers to members of the “crowdâ€. The other group is Jesus’
audience, which he addresses by means of uJmei'", and refers to the disciples. This
is a difficult distinction to draw given the parallelism between 8,38 and 9,1. Also,
there is no customary turning back to the inside group, as for example, we see in
chapter four.
(16) Otherwise, as CRANFIELD, The Gospel According to St. Mark, 286, points
out, the use of e{w" would allow for the implication that spiritual death follows
upon one’s vision of the kingdom.
(17) The “tasting of death†is a common expression for physical death in early
Judaism and Christianity. See 4 Es 6,26; Heb 2,9; GenR 9,2; b.Yoma 78b; Tg.
Ps.-J. Deut. 32,1 (see also Str-B I, 751-752). Bruce Chilton has argued that Mark
wanted to encourage his audience in the certainty of God’s vindication.
According to Chilton, Mark would have understood the phrase “will not taste
death†in its rabbinic sense as an idiomatic reference to immortal figures like
angels, Moses, Elijah, Jeremiah, Ezra and Enoch. The sense is that the coming of