11 Conjunctions, Clines and Levels of Discourse junctive semantic phenomenon24. She notes the contribution especially of Winer and more recently of Blomqvist on this issue25. Both argue, though for different reasons, that there is no such thing as adversative καί. Black’s conclusion is a reasonable one. She differentiates between the function of the conjunction–to provide continuity between elements–and the contribution of context, even if the semantic content of the elements may be contrastive. The adversative sense comes from the elements, not the conjunction. A number of these conjunctions may also be paired with another con- junction as an extension of the procedural sense of the conjunction. c. The Cline of Logical-Semantic Significance The third and final cline of conjunction usage is the cline of logical- semantic significance. Whereas the conjunctions noted in the horizontal cline above are procedurally concerned with continuity–discontinuity, this horizontal cline is concerned with the logical-semantic relations. This cline, rather than being organized according to frequency of distribution of the conjunction, is organized by logical-semantic criteria. The order- ing of semantic relations is as follows: comparative–local–temporal–con- ditional–inferential/causal–purpose/result. Those conjunctions that indi- cate the greatest similarity, proximity and coordination of elements are placed on the left and those that indicate the most dissimilarity, distance and subordination of elements are placed on the right, along with their negative equivalents. The conjunctions used in the New Testament that fall within these categories are as follows: Comparαtive (ὡς, ὥσπερ, καθώς, καθό, καθά, καθάπερ, οὕτως, ὠσαύτως, ὡσεί) Local (ὅπου, ὅθεν, οὗ) Temporal (ὅτε, ὅταν, ἕως, πρίν, ἄχρι, μέχρι, οὔπω, οὐδέποτε, οὐκέτι) Conditional (εἰ, ἐάν, εἴτε) Inferential/causal (ὅτι, διότι, καθότι, ἄρα, ἐπεί, ἐπειδήπερ, ἐπείδη) Purpose/result (ἵνα, ὅπως, ὥστε, μήπω, μήποτε) The cline of principal conjunctions (expanded, derived or compounded forms are not necessarily included) appears as follows: Black, Sentence Conjunctions, 137-40. 24 G.B. Winer, A Treatise on the Grammar of New Testament Greek (trans. W.F. Moulton; 25 Edinburgh 31881) 543-45; J. Blomqvist, Das sogennante KAI Adversativum: Zur Semantik einer griechischen Partikel (Studia Graeca Upsaliensia 13; Uppsala 1979) esp. 25.