26 Alexander C. Loney the diegetic mode via the aorist verb κατ λθεν (31). This verb takes the prior general statement of πορε ετο and gives it one specific narrative outcome, just as the imperfectives of v. 15, δ δασκεν and δοξαζ μενος, had one specific realization in the pericope that followed concerning Jesus’ teaching in Nazareth. Therefore, once again, the same pattern of cadential aspect choice serves here to create discourse boundaries that invigorate the narrative, dramatically opening and closing themes and plot-threads. The second exception to the general pattern of the diegetic mode in this pericope is one internal section of the passage carried by imperfective forms. Between vv. 20b-22, there are five significant imperfective forms and only one perfective. This interior concentration of imperfectives is an occurrence of the mimetic mode. In this case, the internal perspec- tive is from within the audience of the synagogue. All the imperfectives either have the audience as their subjects (in the case of μαρτ ρουν, θα μαζον, and λεγον – and τεν ζοντες as well, through a metonymy of the eyes of the audience for the audience’s attention)64 or they represent actions as perceived by the audience. Thus, in the case of κπορευομ νοις, Jesus is not the subject of the action, which would be written, “what Jesus said”. Rather, the words themselves are the subject, just as they would be experienced by the crowd, “the words coming out of his mouth”65. The one interjection of an aorist on this mimetic section of vv. 20b-22 is to narrate Jesus’ sermon through a synecdoche of the opening of his speech for the entirety of it. Thus, ρξατο δ λ γειν acts similarly to other examples of historical/narrative speech conveyed via the diegetic mode66. The perspective of discourse here changes to the external, as the discontinuous particle δ punctuates, and the sentence represents, as a whole, the act of his speaking, annalistically recorded. This statement serves to give the grounds for the audience’s mixed reaction: they perceive with wonder that Jesus claims to be the fulfillment of messianic prophecy. Through using this internally-focused discourse, Luke invites his own 64 Bock notes that Luke commonly uses this participle ( τεν ζοντες) at key moments to depict “intense, focused emotion” (Luke, 411-12); generally, however, the emphatic use of imperfective verb-forms here has gone unnoted. 65 The changes of verbal subject in vv. 20-23 neatly parallel the modulations of tense and mode of discourse. When the diegetic mode is employed, Jesus is the subject; when mimetic, the subject is diffused among the audience’s observations. This distribution of the gram- matical subject is a common feature of the mimetic mode, because it is conducive to giving an internal, “as it happens” perspective. In narratological terms, the actions are “focalized” by various observers. See Bakker, “Verbal Aspect”, 27, 40-41. 66 I have not included λ γειν among the aspectually significant imperfectives because, among the 32 instances of ρχω + inf. in Luke-Acts, the complementary or supplementary infinitives are always imperfective.