Terrance Callan, «Reading the Earliest Copies of 2 Peter», Vol. 93 (2012) 427-450
An examination of the three earliest extant copies of 2 Peter (namely those found in Papyrus 72, Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus) is made in order to determine how the meaning of 2 Peter is affected by differences among the three copies, especially the textual variations among them. These textual variations produce significantly different understandings of Jesus in the three copies of 2 Peter, as well as other less prominent differences in meaning.
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432 TERRANCE CALLAN
3,14. There are also some other kinds of corrections. In 2,16 c ap-
pears to have been written over some other letter in elegcin. Like-
wise, in 2,19 d has been written over a z in douloi. In 2,17 the o of
upo has been crossed out. Finally, in 3,16 taij has been written
after the last line, completing the word autaij left incomplete at
the end of the last line.
Another thing contributing to the impression that the scribe was
not highly literate in Greek is the presence of a marginal note in
Coptic. This is found in 2,22 where the Greek word alhqou has
the Coptic gloss PMEI.
All of this shows that the scribe of P72 was not adept. James Royse
quotes Carlo Martini as saying:
“the true and proper errors of the scribe are rather numerous and
demonstrate a rather mediocre diligence and a quite uncertain
knowledge of the Greek language†10.
Readers of P72 might not only have concluded that its scribe was
not expert, but also have seen 2 Peter itself as a document mani-
festing a low level of literacy.
The Bodmer Miscellaneous Codex was found, along with other
manuscripts, in a jar near Dishna in Egypt, not far from a Pachomian
monastery 11. The manuscripts may also have been written in that area.
2. The Meaning of 2 Peter in Papyrus 72
I will discuss five ways in which the distinctive features of 2 Peter
in P72 have the effect of giving the letter a meaning significantly dif-
ferent from that of the probable original text.
a) Jesus as divine
The most important distinctive feature of 2 Peter in P72 is its pre-
sentation of Jesus as divine to a greater degree than is done by the
probable original text of 2 Peter. This occurs most clearly in 1,2; the
version of this verse in P72 does not include kai. The verse speaks
10
ROYSE, Scribal Habits, 580, quoting MARTINI, Beati Petri Apostoli Epis-
tulae, xviii.
11
WASSERMAN, “Papyrus 72 and the Bodmer Miscellaneous Codexâ€, 32.