382 E.D. Reymond from contexts too damaged to provide any information on the word’s meaning and use. This leaves 13 attestations. One of these is found in 1QHa XIII, 18: . . .k htflp ˆwyba çpnw hmmdl hr[s {yçpn} byçt yla htaw You, my God, turned storm to calm (hmmd), the soul of the poor you have delivered (23). This passage is based on Ps 107,29 where hmmd also occurs. As in Psalm 107, the context of 1QHa XIII, 18 points to a meaning for hmmd that contrasts with “storm” (hr[s); “calm, quiet” seems the most likely and encourages derivation from d-m-m I. Another usage of hmmd from the Hodayot is not directly linked to a biblical passage. In 1QHa XIV, 23 the motif is again of a sailor battered by storm; the text reads: [ˆyal] μyy[w[ jwr wmh yla μhyrbçm lwkw μhylg çpn byçhl hmmd Their waves and all their breakers over me rage, a whirlwind [without] pause (hmmd) to recover breath (24). As in 1QHa XIII, 18, the whirlwind is being contrasted with its opposite; the context points to a meaning like “quiet”, “pause”, or “stillness”, in essence, the absence of motion and noise. Meanings such as “whisper”, “rumbling”, or “sighing” do not make sense in this context; there is no implication that hmmd represents a “slight sound” or a situation where the water is only partially still. The only reasonable derivation is from the root d-m-m I. The same denotation and derivation of the word are suggested in one of the passages from the Isaiah scroll (1QIsaa XXXIX, 23 [Isa 47,5]), where hmmd replaces μM;Du (defined by most scholars as “silence, stillness”) in the Masoretic text. Kutscher believed that it was due to μmd’s obscurity at the time of the scroll’s being copied out that the scribe wrote hmmd (25). The context clearly points to the meaning “quiet, stillness” and the root d-m-m I: but not in other editions. See M. ABEGG, “Hodayot and Hodayot-Like Texts”, Poetic and Liturgical Texts (eds. D.W. PARRY – E. TOV) (The Dead Sea Scrolls Reader, Part 5; Leiden 2005) 12 = [DSSR 5, 12]. (23) The Hebrew text is based on DSSSE, 172. The text in brackets represents the erasure of the word. (24) DSSSE, 176 and DSSR 5, 36. (25) E.Y. KUTSCHER, The Language and Linguistic Background of the Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) (STDJ 6; Leiden 1974) 371. Kutscher’s assumption seems to be that hmmd does not mean silence; he remarks that in Isa 47,5 it “does not fit the context”, and then, after citing the translations in Symmachus and the Targum