Matthew D. McDill, «A Textual and Structural Analysis of Mark 16:9-20.», Vol. 17 (2004) 27-44
The purpose of this study is to address two questions: 1) Should Mark 16:9-20 be included in biblical exegesis and 2) If so, what are the structural features of this passage that might aid in its interpretation? In order to answer the first question, the external and internal evidence concerning this passage as a textual variant and the question of its canonicity will be explored.
The second question will be answered by presenting a diagram of the passage’s syntactical and semantic structure and by making observations concerning the unit’s overall structure and development.
42 Matthew D. McDill
Each begins with a substantival participle that is used generically56. Paul
Mirecki explains the parallelism, “Mark 16:16 is an independent saying
structured in antithetic parallelism and centered on the cause-and-effect
relationship between belief and salvation and their logical antitheses,
disbelief and condemnationâ€57. Although this passage has been used to
argue that baptism is necessary for salvation, most evangelical scholars
point out that baptism is the faith expression of salvation and that the
exclusion of baptism in the parallel line indicates that faith is the only
issue concerning salvation58.
Conclusion
After evaluating the external evidence, it appears that it is not as deci-
sive as some suggest since the LE is an admittedly early, widespread read-
ing and much of the argument against its originality is based on internal
evidence. A consideration of the internal evidence demonstrates that it is
possible to argue that the LE fits into Mark’s style and language and that
its connection to v. 8 is not insurmountably awkward. One might at least
admit that the current consensus of scholarship is not as conclusive as
it appears. The theories that Mark wrote the LE or used older traditions
to write the LE, modified by the understanding that Mark is a record
of Peter’s preaching and that the LE could have been added in a later
edition, provide several possibilities that can explain both the potential
difference in style and language as well as the existence of MSS that omit
the LE.
Without saying so, it appears that many scholars are concluding that
if the LE was not in the original MS or if it was not written by Mark,
then the LE does not belong in the canon. This does not necessarily follow.
It would be helpful for those who work on the LE to distinguish between
questions of originality, authenticity, and canonicity. Since the Church,
beginning with the earliest church fathers, accepted the LE as Scripture,
the evidence that would cause the present day church to regard it as
non-canonical should be strong and certain. The external and internal
evidence does not conclusively prove that the LE was not original or
inauthentic; even if it did, this would not prove that it does not belong in
Wallace, Greek Grammar, 615.
56
P.A. Mirecki, “The Antithetic Saying in mark 16:16: Formal and Redactional Features,â€
57
in A. Birger (ed.), The Future of Early Christianity (Pearson, Minneapolis 1991) 229–241,
at 229.
Wallace, Greek Grammar, 688.
58