Paul Danove, «A Comparison Of The Usage Of Akouw And Akouw- Compounds In The Septuagint And New Testament», Vol. 14 (2001) 65-86
This study characterizes all occurrences of
a0kou/w and seven related verbs (a0ntakou/w,
diakou/w, ei0sakou/w,
e0nakou/w, e0pakou/w,
parakou/w, and u9pakou/w)
in the Septuagint and New Testament according to their semantic and
syntactic properties, develops a single set of rules to describe the
distribution of noun phrase objects of these verbs, and then compares the
patterns of usage of these verbs in the Septuagint and New Testament. A
preliminary discussion identifies the semantic and syntactic properties
necessary to describe all biblical occurrences of
a0kou/w and proposes a set of descriptive rules that govern the
syntactic case of its noun phrase objects. Further investigation then
indicates that this same set of rules with only one minor modification
also is adequate to describe the syntactic case of noun phrase objects of
the noted a0kou/w-compounds. The discussion
concludes by comparing the distribution of noun phrase objects in
particular syntactic cases within the Septuagint and New Testament.
A Comparison of the Usage of ajkouvw and ajkouvw-Compounds 83
in the genitive case [3 occurrences]47
1. [+ speaker, ± response]:
in the genitive case [2 occurrences]48
2. [– speaker, + response]:
or in the accusative [2 occurrences]49
It may be used intransitively [3 occurrences]50 but never in the passive.
8. upakouw
J v
Upakouw, is characterized by two constructions. The first, a content
J v
construction, requires two arguments, an experiencer and a content of
direct perception. When present, the content always is expressed by a
noun phrase that follows rules #2, 3, and 4 established for ajkouvw, with
the modification that 50% of the noun phrases characterized by [+speak-
er] appear in the dative and 13% characterized by [–speaker, +response]
appear in the dative. There are no contextual markers to distinguish
between genitive and dative noun phrase objects:
in the genitive case [24 occurrences]51
1.[+ speaker, ± response]:
or in the dative case [24 occurrences]52
in the genitive case [21 occurrences]53
2.[– speaker, + response]:
or in the dative case [3 occurrences]54
3.[– speaker, – response]: in the accusative case [1 occurrence:
Prov 29:12 [A, R]
47
Object noun phrase [+ speaker] (genitive): 1 Esdr 4:11; Matt 18:17a; 18:17b.
48
Object noun phrase [+ response] (genitive): Esth 3:8; Tob 3:4.
49
Object noun phrase [+ response] (accusative): Esth 3:3; Mark 5:36.
50
Object definite and null (active): Esth 4:14; 7:4; Isa 65:12.
51
Object noun phrase [+ speaker] (genitive): Lev 26:14; 26:18; 26:21; 26:27; Deut
17:12; Judg 2:17; 2 Sam 22:42; 22:45 [A]; 1 Chr 29:23 [A]; Esth 3:4; 1 Mac 10:38 [A,
R]; 13:43; Ps 17:45 [A]; Prov 21:13; Cant 3:1; 3:2; Job 9:14; 38:34; Sir 4:15; 24:22; Isa
65:24; 66:4; Jer 16:12.
52
Object noun phrase [+ speaker] (dative): Deut 20:12; 1 Mac 12:43; Ps 17:45; Prov
8:1; 15:23; 28:17 [R]; Job 5:1; 9:3; 13:22; Isa 29:24; 66:44 [S]; Bar 3:33; Matt 8:27;
Mark 1:27; 4:41; Luke 8:25; 17:6; Rom 6:16; Eph 6:1; 6:5; Col 3:20; 3:22; Heb 5:9; 1
Pet 3:6.
53
Object noun phrase [+ response] (genitive): Gen 16:2; 22:18; 26:5; 27:13 [A];
Deut 21:20; 26:14 [A, R]; 26:17; 30:2; Josh 22:2 [A]; Judg 2:20; 1 Sam 30:24; 2 Chr
11:14; 2 Mac 1:5; 7:30; Prov 2:2; 17:4; Isa 50:10; Jer 3:13; 3:25b; 11:10 [S]; 13:10.
54
Object noun phrase [+ response] (dative): Esth 3:4; Prov 15:29 [S]; Acts 6:7.
55
Object definite and null: Gen 41:40; Jdth 14:15; Prov 1:24; 29:19; Job 9:16;
19:16; Sir 42:23; Mal 2:2 [A]; Isa 11:14; 29:24; 50:2; 65:12; Dan 3:12; 7:27; Acts
12:13; Rom 6:17; Phil 2:12.
56
On both occasions it appears with an infinitive expressing the content of the
response and may indicate (as for ajkouvw and eijsakouvw) the presence of a construction
requiring three arguments that would be translated «respond [concerning what is heard]
to [the speaker] by [infinitive phrase].»
FOLLOW US