Paul Danove 82 tent of direct perception. It may be translated, «hear,» «listen to,» or «give attention to.» The content, when present, is expressed only through a noun phrase and follows rules #2, 3, and 4 established for ajkouvw: in the genitive case [89 occurrences]40 1. [+ speaker, ± response]: in the genitive case [15 occurrences]41 2. [– speaker, + response]: in the accusative case [2 occurrences]42 3. [– speaker, – response]: It also is used intransitively [15 occurrences]43 and passively [2 Chr 30:27] and has a significantly greater usage in contexts in which a response is registered (>86% ) than ajkouvw (60%). The second construction of ejpakouvw requires two arguments, an agent (Agt) or doer of an action and an experiencer to whom the response is directed. Its distinct semantic properties (the presence of an agent) make direct comparisons to the content construction of ajkouvw inappro- priate. It may be translated «respond [concerning what is heard] to [the speaker].» The experiencer, when present, is expressed by a dative case noun phrase for both [+ speaker (11 occurrences)]44 and [– speaker (five occurrences)] 45. It is used intransitively [3 occurrences]46 but never in the passive. 7. parakouw v Parakouw, requires two arguments, an experiencer of and a content v of direct perception (content construction). It may be translated as either «refuse to listen (to)» or «overhear,» depending on the context: there are no discernible grammatical markers to assist in translation. The verb fol- lows rules #2 and 3 established for ajkouvw: 40 Object noun phrase [+ speaker] (genitive): Gen 16:11; 17:20; 25:21; 30:17 [A]; 30:22; Josh 10:14; Judg 2:17; 1 Sam 7:9; 8:18; 28:15 [A]; 2 Sam 22:42 [R]; 1 Kgs 18:26a; 18:26b; 18:36a; 18:36b; 18:37a; 18:37b; 2 Kgs 13:4; 1 Chr 29:23; 2 Chr 32:24 [A]; 33:13a; 33:19; 1 Mac 10:38; Ps 3:5; 16:6; 17:45; 19:2; 19:7; 19:10; 21:25b; 33:5; 51:11b [S]; 59:7; 64:6; 68:14; 68:18; 80:8; 85:1 [A, S]; 85:7 [A]; 90:15 [A, S]; 98:6; 98:8; 107:7; 117:5; 117:21; 117:28; 118:26; 118:145; 142:1; Prov 21:13a; Cant 5:6; Job 33:12; 38:34; Sir 46:5; 48:20; Mic 3:7 [A]; Isa 19:22 [A]; 30:19; 49:8; 55:3 [A, S]; 65:24; Dan 9:18; 2 Cor 6:2. 41 Object noun phrase [+ response] (genitive): Gen 21:17; 27:13 [R]; 30:6; Deut 26:14a; Josh 22:2; Judg 13:9 [A]; 1 Sam 30:24 [A, R]; 2 Sam 22:7; 2 Chr 6:19; 11:4; 25:16; 33:13b; Esth 4:17h; 2 Macc 1:5; Ps 101:2 [S]; 144:19; Eccl 10:19; Job 8:6; 33:13; Sir 4:6; Isa 50:10 [S]; Jer 18:19; Sus 44; Dan 9:17. 42 Object noun phrase [– response] (accusative): Prov 29:12; Hos 2:24. 43 Object definite and null: Deut 26:14b; 2 Sam 21:14; 24:25; 2 Chr 33:10; Jdth 14:15; Prov 21:13b [S]; Cant 5:6 [A]; Job 37:23; Isa 8:9; 10:30a; 10:30b; 41:17; 45:1; 50:2 [S]; Dan 9:19. 44 Experiencer noun phrase [+ speaker]: Gen 30:33; 35:3 [A]; 1 Chr 5:20; 21:26; 21:28; 2 Chr 24:17; 32:24; 2 Esdr 8:23; Ps 17:45 [A]; Zech 10:6; 13:9. 45 Experiencer noun phrase [– speaker]: Prov 15:29; Hos 2:23a; 2:23b; 2:24a; 2:24b. 46 Experiencer definite and null: 1 Kgs 18:24; Hos 2:24a; Dan 6:22(M).