Sigurd Grindheim, «Faith in Jesus: The Historical Jesus and the Object of Faith», Vol. 97 (2016) 79-100
Did Jesus call his followers to believe in him? or did he merely call them to believe in God or in the contents of his teaching? This article examines the evidence found in the Synoptic Gospels and discusses its possible Christological implications in light of the Scriptures of Israel and the writings of Second Temple Judaism. If Jesus expected to be the object of his disciples’ faith, his expectation may be understood in light of his redefinition of messiahship. But he may also be seen to have placed himself in the role of God, who was the object of Israel’s faith in the Scriptures of Israel and in Second Temple Judaism.
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beyond a conviction that a miracle may happen. it reflects a conviction
regarding Jesus’ person, that he is their benefactor who will deliver
them from a debilitating disease, which is to say that he will give life
and salvation. a good example might be the haemorrhaging woman’s
wordless petition, which was commended as an act of faith by Jesus
(mark 5,34 par.). Jesus’ exchange with the father of the demon-pos-
sessed boy also shows that what is in view is a relationship with Jesus,
rather than a strong conviction. When Jesus challenges the man to
faith: “[a]ll things can be done for the one who believes”, he responds
by expressing not his firm conviction but rather the ambiguous nature
of his faith: “i believe; help my unbelief!” (mark 9,23-24). the
matthean Jesus’ statements regarding great faith (matt 8,10; 15,28)
and luke’s repeated “your faith has saved you” (7,50; 8,48; 17,19;
18,42) also contribute to this picture. in several passages, in which pe-
titioners approach Jesus (mark 5,25-34 par., 36 par.; matt 8,10 par.;
mark 10,52 par.; luke 17,11-19; mark 9,23), faith may therefore
be understood as confidence in the person of Jesus, as Jürgen Roloff
has argued 5.
if a personal relationship is implicit in some of these sayings, the
saying in mark 9,42 par. makes that idea explicit. the faith in question
is faith in Jesus’ person, not specifically in his message or in his abil-
ities, but in him. the phrasing is also quite striking, as the markan
rendering of Jesus’ words uses the preposition “into” (eivj) to identify
Jesus as the object of faith. this construction is unparalleled in the
synoptic Gospels. somewhat surprisingly, it only occurs twice in the
pauline corpus (Gal 2,16; phil 1,29), three times in acts (acts 10,43;
14,23; 19,4), and once in 1 peter (1,8), but it is very common in
the Johannine literature, where it occurs 36 times 6. the construction
is sometimes thought to be derived from the hebrew b !ymah, but that
is unlikely, as it is not found in the septuagint. the Greek construction
5
RoloFF, Kerygma, 153-159; similarly a. schlatteR, Der Glaube im Neuen
Testament (stuttgart 31905) 131-135; sheaReR, “‘Faith’”, 4; YeunG, Faith, 170-
195; o. hoFius, “Die allmacht des sohnes Gottes und das Gebet des Glaubens.
erwägungen zu thema und aussage der Wundererzählung mk 9,14-29”, ZTK
101 (2004) 128. Focusing on the context of mark’s Gospel, thomas söding
reaches a similar conclusion (Glaube bei Markus. Glaube an das evangelium,
Gebetsglaube und Wunderglaube im Kontext der markinischen Basileiatheologie
und christologie [sBB 12; stuttgart 1985] 552).
6
John 1,12; 2,11.23; 3,16.18(2x).36; 4,39; 6,35.40; 7,5.31.38.39.48; 8,30;
9,35.36; 10,42; 11,25.26.45.48; 12,11.36.37.42.44 (2x).46; 14,1.12; 16,9; 17,20;
1 John 5,10.13.