Jeremy Schipper, «What Was Samson Thinking in Judges 16,17 and 16,20?», Vol. 92 (2011) 60-69
Samson’s recorded thoughts in Judg 16,20 seem to contradict the narrator’s statements in 16,17.18 that Samson «told [Delilah] his whole heart». This article will discuss this apparent contradiction by examining some of the costs and benefits of Samson’s divinely inspired strength.
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WHAT WAS SAMSON THINKING JUDGES 16,17 16,20 ?
IN AND
It is worth noting that when he finally concentrates on Delilah acting
upon him (“you weave my hairâ€), rather than the Philistines acting upon
him (“they bind meâ€), he is able to sleep. Although the narrator does not
specify that Samson slept during either time that Delilah bound him, the
narrator notes that Delilah wove his hair “while he slept†(v. 14a LXX).
Furthermore, despite Delilah’s claim that once again, “The Philistines
are upon youâ€, the narrator gives no indication of a potential Philistine
ambush. In fact, on this third occasion, nothing suggests that the
Philistines are in the vicinity. There is no reference to any Philistines
hiding in an inner chamber. Also, Delilah’s message to the Philistines in
v. 18 may imply that they were not present when she wove Samson’s hair.
After he finally tells her his whole heart in v. 17, she instructs the
Philistines, “This time (μ[ph) come up, for he has told his whole secret to
me †(v. 18). Since μ[p refers to her various attempts to find the source of
Samson’s strength throughout this passage (vv. 15.18.20), her instructions
that the Philistines should be present “this time†suggests that they were
absent during the previous time that she tried to weaken Samson by
weaving his hair.
After he deceives her three times, Samson appears satisfied that the
threat of Philistine captivity is minimal. Even if he suspected or even
discovered the Philistine ambush on the first two occasions, they seem to
be absent during Delilah’s third attempt. When she challenges him for the
fourth time in v. 15, his motivation for deceiving her seems far less clear
than the first three times. By her fourth request, he may have tested her
enough to trust her and conclude that she would not betray him to the
Philistines. Without an obvious threat of capture, Samson may have been
willing to sacrifice his strength for the benefit of more rest or untroubled
sleep. Thus, Samson would have good reason to tell Delilah the truth in
v. 17, as the idiom, “to tell one’s whole heartâ€, implies 11.
The parallels between Samson’s respective conversations with his wife
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and with Delilah also suggest that he tells Delilah the truth in v. 17. The
Philistines tell both women to “coax†(ytp) Samson (14,15; 16,5), both women
question the sincerity of Samson’s love (14,16; 16,15), and both woman “nagâ€
(qwx) him until he answers them (14,17; 16,16). On these parallels, see
J.C. EXUM, “Aspects of Symmetry and Balance in the Samson Sagaâ€, JSOT 19
(1981) 5. Although the reader does not have access to Samson’s answer to his
wife, based on his reaction to the Philistine’s reply in 14,18, he must have told
her the correct response to his riddle. Thus, 14,17 indicates that his wife’s
nagging provokes him to tell her the truth regarding the answer to his riddle. If
Delilah’s strategy in 16,15-16 is crafted to recall 14,16-17, this allusion implies
that Samson knowingly told Delilah the truth in 16,17.