Jeremy Schipper, «What Was Samson Thinking in Judges 16,17 and 16,20?», Vol. 92 (2011) 60-69
Samson’s recorded thoughts in Judg 16,20 seem to contradict the narrator’s statements in 16,17.18 that Samson «told [Delilah] his whole heart». This article will discuss this apparent contradiction by examining some of the costs and benefits of Samson’s divinely inspired strength.
64 JEREMY SCHIPPER
In v. 10, Delilah asks once again how Samson can be bound. He
replies, “If they bind me with new ropes that have not been used, then I
shall become weak and be like another person†(v. 11; emphasis added).
Again, Samson’s use of the third-person plural suggests awareness that
Philistine captivity remains the conversation’s subtext. Despite the fact
that Delilah, rather than the Philistines, binds him on both occasions, he
has good reason for concern. Each time that she binds him, Delilah says
to him, “The Philistines are upon you, Samson†(vv. 9a.12a).
Nevertheless, it is unclear whether he discovers the potential Philistine
ambush, since Samson and the Philistines may not actually confront each
other on either occasion. In v. 9, although the narrator states “[the
Philistines who were] lying in wait [bra; cf. 16,2] remained in an inner
chamber â€, the narrator gives no indication as to where Samson and
Delilah are when she binds him. Since Samson was awake both times that
Delilah binds him, it would be an ineffective ambush if they were all in
the same room. In contrast to the battle in 15,14-15, when Samson breaks
out of his bondage in 16,9.12, the narrator gives no indication that the
Philistines confronted him or that Samson fought them off. Samson has
no further direct contact with the Philistines until they capture him after
his haircut (16,21).
After Delilah binds him the second time, v. 12 reports that she “said
to him, ‘The Philistines are upon you, Samson!’ But the men lying in wait
[bda ; cf. 16,2.9] remained in an inner chamber†10. Once again, Samson
easily frees himself from his bondage, but the text does not indicate that
Samson confronted any Philistines. After these two occasions, Samson
does not necessarily know that the Philistine threat is real. Having tested
her twice, he may have concluded that her statement, “The Philistines are
upon you, Samsonâ€, is not an urgent warning. Samson may interpret it as
nothing more than part of a “love game†after all.
Samson’s response to Delilah’s third attempt to find his secret
supports the idea that Samson no longer feels the threat of capture by the
Philistines. In v. 13, he switches from the third-person plural to the
second-person feminine singular when he tells her, “If you weave the
seven locks of my head with the web and make it tight with the pin, then
I shall become weak and be like everyone else†(emphasis added). Rather
than showing his previous concern over capture by another party, he now
seems to play a two-person game that only involves Delilah and himself.
The phrase, “rdjb bçy brahw†is a disjunctive clause which suggests a
10
contrast. In 2 Sam 11,1, the narrator uses a similar disjunctive construction to
note that David remained in Jerusalem (μlçwryb bçy dwdw) while Joab and his
army went out to war.