Andreas Hock, «Christ is the Parade: A Comparative Study of the Triumphal
Procession in 2 Cor 2,14 and Col 2,15», Vol. 88 (2007) 110-119
In discussing the meaning of the verb qriambeu&ein in 2 Cor 2,14 and Col 2,15
commentators have failed to compare the two occurrences. This comparison is the purpose of the present study. After scrutinizing the respective expressions e)n tw=| Xristw=|(2 Cor 2,14), and e)n au)tw=|(Col 2,15), after analyzing the dynamics of the participles, and by seeking to identify the persons behind the personal pronouns hma=j in 2 Cor, and au=tou/j in Col, we arrive at the conclusion that the objects of the parade are not captives, but are incorporated into the triumphant Christ, who,
therefore, is the parade.
Christ is the Parade 115
angelic spirits under the divine rule. Verse 15, therefore, rounds out the
author’s depiction of Christ’s cosmically victorious work of liberation. It is
in this light that the writer’s recourse to the parade metaphor has to be
contemplated.
Coming back to the above-mentioned three finite verbs of the context, we
infer that the tenor of the finite verbs is positive, as it articulates the salvation
wrought by Christ. All of the actions described in those finite verbs and
participles are the actions of Christ, and they all portray our definitive
liberation. Christ as the author of that redemption appears as the subject of the
entire phrase in vv. 8.11. It may be argued that the verb sunezwopoivhsen is
central to the train of thought of vv. 11-15. Not least for that reason the
evaluation of qriambeuvsa" should reflect the positive context. Christ parades
the disarmed Sovereignties and Powers in Himself.
Before we examine the function of the triumph and the relationship
between Christ and those paraded in Him, we will take a moment to explore
the identity of the respective objects of triumph in 2 Cor and Col.
3. Identity of “us†and “themâ€
Prior to reaching some conclusions regarding the arrangement of the
triumphal parade, the issue of identity has to be addressed: who is who in that
triumph? To whom does Paul actually refer by using the plurals hJma'" in 2 Cor
and aujtouv" in Col?
Let us first take a look at the pronoun “us†in 2 Cor. From 1,1 we learn
that the senders of that letter are Paul and Timothy. In 1,4-14 the “we/us†of
the ministers (Paul and Timothy) consistently contrasts with the “you/yourâ€
pointing to the Christians at Corinth as the addressees. Then, in 1,15 Paul
begins to speak in the first person; and in 1,19 he makes it quite plain who the
“us†is: himself, Timothy and Silvanus. 1,23–2,13 is a section where the
apostle writes again in the first person. It is in 2,14 that he mentions “usâ€
again, undoubtedly the three persons mentioned in 1,19, in antithesis with the
beneficiaries of his ministry, that is, “those who are being saved and for those
who are notâ€, 2,15. Hence, the “us†in 2,14 indicates in the first place the three
persons mentioned in 1,19. It seems appropriate, however, to connect this
plural also with Paul’s friend Titus referred to in 2,13, and through him with
all the apostolic ministers on every level of the early Church. Those
evangelizers are seen as rooted in Christ as He is being paraded by God the
Father. Again, God the Father is the main agent of that triumph. He is
followed by Christ; enclosed in Christ are Paul and his co-workers (17).
Turning to Col now, we have to ask the same question: who exactly are
the objects of Christ’s parade: who is “them� After having cited in v. 10b the
singular of pavsh" ajrch'" kai; ejxousiva", the sacred writer reintroduces them at
(17) HARRIS, Corinthians, 247, observes the noteworthy move from hJma", v. 14a, to
hmwn, v. 14b: Paul, the passive captive, is also the active evangelist; these two are united in
J'
his picturesque self-description. God’s power is displayed in the midst of human weakness,
a reality permeating 2 Cor (see the paradoxical image: “embassador in chains†Eph 6,20).