Timo Flink, «Son and Chosen. A Text-critical Study of John 1,34.», Vol. 18 (2005) 85-109
John 1,34 contains a perennial textual problem. Is Jesus depicted as the
Son of God, the Chosen One of God, or something else? Previous studies
have not been able to solve this problem satisfactorily to all textual critics.
This study is a new attempt to resolve it by using a recently noted singular
reading in P75*. I argue that this reading changes the transcriptional probabilities.
It is lectio difficilior from which all other variant readings derive
due second century scribal habits. John 1,34 should read "The Chosen Son".
This affects the Johannine theology. This new reading has implications for
how to deal with some singular readings elsewhere.
94 Timo Flink
consider Ï… Ï‚ too short for the gap in the text, and (2) they note that P5
has some affinities with ), which reads κλεκτ ς. On a contrary note,
scholars working for the International Greek New Testament Project on
the Fourth Gospel (henceforth IGNTP) support υ ς το θεο on the
basis that κλεκτ ς is too long for the gap despite the affinities with
)22. Some scholars reframe from supporting either reading and consider
the matter too doubtful to be solved. Reuben J. Swanson prints dots in
his text indicating the lacunae and Barbara Aland cautions against too
certain views on what P5 reads. The recent “Text und Textwert on John
1â€10†does not list P5 at all in this textual variation unit23.
There is now new information not available to earlier scholarship. They
did not have access to recently found early papyrus P106vid, which supports
κλεκτ ς το θεο . There is also a new variant reading available, found
in P75*. This papyrus manuscript has been restudied at Münster and they
now list P75* as reading υ ς κλεκτ ς. The variant υ ς το θεο
is the reading of its corrector (see below)24. This new reading deviates
from their Text und Textwert listing for P75. With these notes in mind I
will take a closer look at the early papyri. In this I follow the criterion that
the knowledge of the manuscripts in conjunction with the knowledge of
the scribal habits –their impact on the manuscripts– should precede the
discussion on merits of each textual variant25.
P5 as a Textual Witness
P5 has lacunae in this verse, but it has stoyUY visible for the end of
v. 34. It is difficult to know what the reading in this papyrus manuscript
was. It has to be reconstructed on the basis of the average length of lines
in P5, which appears to be 25-27 letters in the leaf containing the verse.
22
W.J. Elliott and D.C. Parker (eds), The New Testament in Greek IV. The Gospel Ac-
cording to St. John. Edited by the American & the British Committees of the International
Greek New Testament Project (NTTS 20; Leiden 1995) I, 29; Also, it seems that J.K. Elliott
implicitly supports this contention as well since he argues that probably just ) and P106 with
a few minuscules attest to this variant reading. He does not note the Latin witnesses. See
J.K. Elliott, “Five New Papyri of the New Testamentâ€, NovT 41 (1999) 209-13.
23
R.J. Swanson, New Testament Greek Manuscripts. Variant Readings Arranged in
Horizontal Lines Against Codex Vaticanus, John (Sheffield 1995) 13; B. Aland, “Der
textkritische und textgeschictliche Nutzen früher Papyri, demonstriert am Johannesevan-
geliumâ€, 24-26; B. Aland et al, Text und Textwert der griechischen Handschriften des Neuen
Testaments. V. Das Johannesevangelium 1. Teststellenkollation der Kapitel 1-10. Band 1,2
(ANTF 36; Berlin 2005) 13.
24
See [http://nttranscripts.uni-muenster.de/AnaServer?NTtranscripts+0+start.anv]
25
W.C. Kannaday, Apologetic Discourse and the Scribal Tradition. Evidence of the
Influence of Apologetic Interests on the Text of the Canonical Gospels (SBL Text-Critical
Studies 5; Atlanta 2004) 242.