Dan Batovici, «Eriugena’s Greek Variant Readings of the Fourth Gospel.», Vol. 26 (2013) 69-86
In a 1912 note of less than two pages, E. Nestle presented a number of instances where Eriugena mentions several readings of the Greek text of the Gospel of John which did not survive in our manuscripts and which where not mentioned by Souter or Tischendorf. He stressed that such an example ‘shews that even so late an author deserves the attention of an editor of the Greek New Testament’ (596), before asking where these would fit in the manuscript tradition of John. This article will follow Nestle’s suggestion and re-examine the variant readings offered by Eriugena – all explicit quotations – in light of the post-1912 developments in textual scholarship on both the Greek text of John and on Eriugena’s works devoted to the Fourth Gospel.
74 Dan Batovici
this case, at the outset, the possibility that the Johannine variants he is
mentioning as Greek variants are altered in the transmission history of
the commentary.
The Greek reading as recovered in the analysis is offered first,
followed by the relevant Eriugenian text in Latin and English translation
(O’Meara’s for the Hom., my own for the Comm.), and then by a discussion
of and argument for the proposed reading. The formatting of the Latin
text is that of the CCCM edition: the citation proper of the Johannine
text is given in small caps when in Latin, and in all caps when in Greek.
Jn 1:2 αὐτὸς [ἦν ἐν ἀρχῇ πρὸς τὸν θεόν
Hom. vi. [...] Hoc erat in principio apvd devm. Ac si diceret: Hoc uer-
bum, quod deus est apud deum, ipsum est, et non aliud, quod erat
in principio. Sed significantius ex graecorum exemplaribus potest
intelligi. In eis enim ΑΥΤΟC scribitur, id est ‘hic’, et potest referri ad
utrumque, ad uerbum uidelicet et ad deum; haec quippe duo nomina,
‘theos’ et ‘logos’ (deus et uerbum) apud graecos masculini generis sunt.
Ac per hoc, ita potest intelligi: Et deus erat uerbum, hic erat in princi-
pio apud deum, tamquam si luce clarius dixerit: Hic deus uerbum apud
deum ipse est de quo dixi: In principio erat verbvm.
“This was in the Principle with God.” As if he said: ‘This Word, which
is God with God, is the same as and not other than what was in the
Principle.’ This meaning can be seen more clearly in the Greek manus-
cripts. There the term αὐτός is written, that is, ‘he himself,’ and this
can refer to both, that is, to the Word and to God; for these two nouns
theos and logos, God and Word, are masculine gender in Greek. And
for this reason one can in this way understand: ‘and the Word was
God, he was in the Principle with God,’ as if he said more clearly than
light: ‘this God-Word with God is the same of whom I said: “In the
Principle was the Word.”’18
Eriugena is explicitly and confidently presenting here the variant αὐτὸς
for the οὗτος of Jn 1:2, a variant that does not seem to appear in any other
witness we have. Both the Italian and the French editor of the homily see
it as belonging to the Greek gospel manuscript used by Eriugena; perhaps
overconfidently, since other scenarios are equally possible. For instance,
he could have found it in a Patristic or lectionary manuscript. In fact,
there is no way to ascertain in any of the cases presented here whether
the reading Eriugena quotes comes from a Patristic or gospel manuscript.
18
Translation from O’Meara, Eriugena, 162.