03_Biblica_Foster_Layout 1 08/07/13 12:56 Pagina 370 03_B 370 PAUL FOSTER of Jewish Christians. Obviously there are numerous points at which Streeter’s reconstruction of the purpose of Q and the evolution of the early Jesus movement can be questioned. In part, his understanding of Q arises in parallel to his characterizing of the M source, which he viewed as stemming from Jewish Christian circles. Thus the M source was seen as being “Judaistic”, originating in Jerusalem and composed around A.D. 60 8. Significantly, according to Streeter, M does not rep- resent a primitive Jewish Christian strand of tradition, but “a later Ju- daistic reaction against the Petro-Pauline liberalism in the matter of the Gentile mission and the observance of the Law” 9. From this per- spective Jewish Christianity was seen as being in direct tension with the type of pro-Gentile Christianity advocated by Q. Manson advocated even more strongly the view that there had been an earlier Aramaic recension of Q which agreed with Papias’ state- ments about the logia. In regard to the Greek form of Q his position was basically a restatement of Streeter’s position 10. Manson then con- tinued by cataloguing pro-Gentile elements in Q. It is significant to note that since Manson’s day scholars have largely given up attemps to defend or develop the theory of an earlier Aramaic form of Q. How- ever, the implications of this are not always recognized, especially the tension created by the theory of an original Greek composition and the hypothesis that Q was compiled in Lower Galilee by an isolated Jewish community. After Manson, while the reconstruction of Q and discussions about its theological profile continued to interest anglophone schol- ars, the situation was markedly different in German scholarship. Al- though the investigation of gospel sources and the formulation of the Q hypothesis had its origins with Weisse and Holtzmann, and re- mained prominent until the time of Harnack 11, there were important paradigm shifts in gospel studies in Germany that led to the virtual disappearance of scholarship on Q in that context for several decades. For an up to date discussion on the M source see P. FOSTER, “The M 8 Source: Its History and Demise in Biblical Scholarship”, New Studies in the Synoptic Problem (eds. P. FOSTER – A. GREGORY – J. KLOPPENBORG – J. VER- HEYDEN) (Leuven 2011) 591-616. STREETER, The Four Gospels, 512. 9 T.W. MANSON, The Sayings of Jesus (London 1949) 20. 10 A. VON HARNACK, Sprüche und Reden Jesu. Die zweite Quelle des Matthäus 11 und Lukas (Beiträge zur Einleitung in das Neue Testament 2; Leipzig 1907). © Gregorian Biblical Press 2013 - Tutti i diritti riservati