252 TH. BOOIJ traditional notions and existent phrasings, mainly from the prophets 50. In Psalm 133, Aaron (v. 2) is the archetype of the high priest. A status like that was not, probably, granted him much earlier than the time of Ezra 51. Noteworthy are the late spellings in Ps 122,5 (dywd, “David”) 52 and Ps 123,2 (μhynwda, “their lord”; cf. Ps 147,5). Psalms 135 and 136, too, must be of late origin, in view of the following data 53. First, again, there are late linguistic elements, apparently originating from northern Hebrew or Aramaic : thus v in Ps 135,2.8.10 ; 136,23; the suffix form ykA in Ps 135,9 54 ; the perfect with w in Ps 135,12 ; 136,14.15.21 55. In Psalm 136, as a poetic text, the article in vv. 2-3, 5-6, 8-9, 20, 26 is not in line with classical usage. Then, the texts show strong familiarity with other Old Testament texts. Psalm 135 is markedly “anthological”. Verse 1, as we saw, was derived from Ps 113,1, v. 2a from Ps 134,1; v. 5 is largely identical with Exod 18,11a; vv. 6a and 15-20 are mainly from Psalm 115 (see there vv. 3-6, 8); v. 7 was taken from Jer 10,13 (= 51,16); the wording in v. 8 is almost literally after Exod 12,12; v. 9 reminds one of Deut 4,34 etc.; v. 11 is reminiscent of Deut 1,4 etc. In Psalm 136, vv. 7-9 presuppose Gen 1,14-18, while vv. 13-15 are based on Exod 14,21-29. Ezra 2,1-2 cf. W. RUDOLPH, Esra und Nehemia (HAT I/20; Tübingen 1949) 16-19. Thus also W.R. TAYLOR, “The Book of Psalms”, The Interpreter’s Bible 50 (New York etc. 1951-1957) IV 664. See e.g. Isa 35,10; 52,10; Jer 33,7.9.11; Joel , 2,21; Zeph 3,14.20. In other texts, too, events that are fundamental in national existence are presented as experienced by a later generation; see Jer 2,7; Amos 2,9-10 ; Ps 66,6 (cf. GESENIUS – KAUTZSCH, § 108g). See R. de Vaux, Les institutions de l’Ancien Testament (Paris 21961- 51 1967) II, 263-266. Earlier texts in which this spelling occurs are 1 Kgs 11,36; Am 6,5; 52 9,11; Ezek 34,23. In the late book of Chronicles, however, it is common. It deserves notice that the standard spelling dwd is found in the title of Ps 122 itself. A situation similar to that of Ps 122 is found in Song of Songs: in the book the nota relationis is v, whereas the title of the book has rva (JOÜON-- MURAOKA, § 130e, n. 2). For Ps 135 see DELITZSCH, Psalmen, 820-821; ALLEN, Psalms, 287-288. 53 For Ps 136 see ALLEN, Psalms, 295. See e.g. JOÜON – MURAOKA, § 94h. 54 See DRIVER, Tenses, 158-159, 160-163. 55