The “Command of the Lord” in 1 Cor 14,37 49 7,19) (34). If Paul simply alluded to the whole of Jesus’ teaching on love, he would hardly use ejntolhv. The same would be true if he was only referring to Matt 7,21-23 since this passage does not contain a specific command, but only a general reference to “the will of my heavenly father”(35). Rather, Paul seems to have in view a specific saying of Jesus, a specific “command” Jesus taught. From Paul’s argument in 1 Corinthians 12–14 we can conclude that this “command” had as its content the mutual love of believers. Paul nowhere else speaks of an ejntolhv of Jesus in this connection. A possible parallel is the “law (novmo") of Christ” in Gal 6,2 (cf. 1 Cor 9,21). However, in Paul, as in the Septuagint, novmo" without further specification means the law as a unity, as the sum of all the individual commandments it contains (36). So in Gal 6,2 Paul might have in mind the whole of Jesus’ teaching about love and service as can be suggested by “bear one another’s burdens” and the contextual proximity of this verse to the themes of mutual love and the restoration of sinners (5,13-14, cf. 5,22; 6,1). On the other hand, the catchwords “fulfil”, “law” and “one another” in Gal 6,2 reveal close ties to the wording of Gal 5,13-14 and Rom 13,8-10 where Paul speaks about the commandment to love one’s neighbour (37). Furthermore, in both places Paul interprets “love your neighbour as yourself” primarily as “love one another”, i.e. as mutual love of fellow-believers: the “neighbours” are first and foremost “les ‘proches’ au sens spatial et religieux le plus strict, … les frères” (38). So “law (or “Torah”) of Christ” probably refers to the specific way in which Jesus summarised the whole law in the love commandment (39). Although strictly speaking this saying of Jesus is a single commandment, Paul could have called it “the law of Christ” instead of “(one) command of Christ (among others)” since it summarises and contains the whole law. So it is very probable that by the “command of the Lord” in 1 Cor 14,37 Paul means the same as by “law of Christ”, namely the tradition of Jesus’ summarising the law in its double love commandment. This is further supported by the fact that Rom 13,8-10 and Gal 5,13-14 are so similar to Matt 22,39-40 par. that they are very likely to be dependent on Jesus tradition (40). (34) On the Septuagint, see G. SCHRENK, “ejntevllomai, ejntolhv”, TDNT II, 546-547. For Paul, ejntolhv and novmo" are not identical in meaning, not even in Romans 7 (contra SCHRENK, ibid. 550), see C.E.B. CRANFIELD, The Epistle to the Romans (ICC; London 1975) I, 353 (on Rom 7,12); F.F. BRUCE, The Letter of Paul to the Romans (TNTC 6; Leicester – Grand Rapids, MI 21985) 142 (on Rom 7,12); E. KÄSEMANN, Commentary on Romans (Grand Rapids, MI 1980) 194 (on Rom 7,8) and 198 (on Rom 7,12). (35) I am grateful to Professor I.H. Marshall, Aberdeen, for pointing this out to me. (36) See W. GUTBROD in H. KLEINKNECHT – W. GUTBROD, “novmo" etc.”, TDNT IV, 1022-1091 here 1046-1047 and 1069-1071. (37) See WENHAM, Paul, 257, especially n. 106. (38) C. SPICQ, Agapè dans le Nouveau Testament (EtB; Paris 1959) II, 296. However, for Paul love is not exclusively mutual love among Christians, but also love for everybody, even one’s enemies, see e.g. Rom 12,14.17-21; Gal 6,10; 1Thess 3,12; 5,12. (39) Cf. C. STETTLER, “Paul, the Law and Judgement by Works”, EvQ 76 (2004) 195- 215, here 210, n. 50. (40) See WENHAM, Paul, 255-256; contra, e.g., V. P. FURNISH, Theology and Ethics in Paul (Nashville 1968) 57. In Rom 13,8-10 and Gal 5,13-14 Paul only cites Lev 19,18, the second half of Jesus’ double commandment. For a discussion of whether Paul actually knew the double commandment as it is presented in the synoptic Gospels, see STETTLER, “Paul”, 199.