Wally V. Cirafesi, «Tense-Form Reduction and the Use of 'epoiesate' in Codex Bezae Matthew 21,13//Mark 1,17.», Vol. 26 (2013) 61-68
This short study employs the concept of tense-form reduction from the perspective of Hellenistic Greek aspectology to explain the reading epoiesate in Codex Bezae Matthew 21,13//Mark 11,17. The article suggests that the Bezen scribe has chosen (consciously or unconsciously) to reduce the aspectual semantics of the verb poieo from the imperfective Present (Matt) and the stative Perfect (Mark) to the perfective Aorist. The textual effect of this choice is that Jesus’ pronouncement of judgment on those buying and selling in the temple is emphasized less in the text of Bezae, since it stands in the background of Jesus’ speech frame. This finding has significant implications for proposals regarding the anti-Judaic bias of Codex Bezae, particularly as demonstrated by its version of the Markan temple cleansing episode.
68 Wally V. Cirafesi
omission of κατέστρεψεν adds to the episode’s “intensity”. This assertion
is unconvincing. To the contrary, the exclusion of κατέστρεψεν would
seem to take away an intriguing detail from Mark’s account. Instead, the
verb’s omission—and thus Bezae’s omission of detail—coincides well with
what is actually present (in contrast to what is omitted) in the Bezan text
of Mark. Rather than seeing the Markan temple cleansing support for an
anti-Judaic bias, the reduced narrative detail and the reduced aspectual
semantics (ἐποιήσατε) signal just the opposite: the Jerusalem temple is
affirmed as an οἶκος προσευχῆς through a quotation from the Jewish
Scriptures, and Jesus’ pronouncement of judgment upon Jews buying
and selling in the temple stands in a less salient textual position.
4. Conclusion
This short study has proposed an explanation of the textual variant
ἐποιήσατε at Matt 21,13//Mark 11,17 in Codex Bezae based on the
concept of tense-form (aspectual) reduction. It was suggested that the
reading in both Gospels represents a scribe’s meaningful aspectual choice
(whether conscious or unconscious), since there seems to have been no
limitations placed on him by either the text’s Latin counterpart or his own
understanding of the Greek verbal system. Lastly, it was demonstrated
that the scribe’s choice—especially at Mark 11,17—to reduce the aspectual
semantics from the most marked Perfect πεποιήκατε to the least marked
Aorist ἐποιήσατε undercuts the notion that the temple cleansing in the
Bezan text of Mark supports Bezae’s anti-Judaic bias or its intensification
of Jesus’ confrontation with the religious leaders in the Gospel.
Wally V. CIRAFESI
2683 Piper Lane
Springfield, IL
USA 62707
wvciraf@yahoo.com