Juan Manuel Granados Rojas, «Ephesians 4,12. A Revised Reading», Vol. 92 (2011) 81-96
This paper proposes a new interpretation of Eph 4,12 based on a rhetorical analysis of the thought in the section (4,7-16). This structural approach has favored the interpretative clues provided by the text itself and has clarified the meaning of a NT hapax legomenon (katartismo/v). The prepositional sequence in Eph 4,12 expresses agreement (pro/v + accusative), purpose (eiv) and result (eiv), in this order. Such an interpretation, in accordance with the train of thought of the whole section, stresses a relationship of agreement between Christ’s gift and the ministry of the Word for building up his body.
92 JUAN MANUEL GRANADOS ROJAS
by Paul himself: he considers himself as “the very least of all the saintsâ€
(3,8), yet he is also a servant / minister (diakonov) of the gospel. If he
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belongs among all the saints, why should the ministries named in
Eph 4,11 be separated from them?
The expression prov ton katartismon twn ag¥wn is followed by the
ùù ù ˜ Ωı
prepositional phrase eıv ergon diakonıav ; however, it is unclear if the
߶ ¥
second depends on the first, or if both must be read as one phrase de-
pending on the main verb edwken. From the grammatical point of view
¶
both prepositional phrases could depend on edwken as indirect com-
¶
plements indicating purpose at the same level: he gave some as apostles,
other as prophets ... for the preparation of the saints, for the work of ser-
vice etc. However, from the perspective of the train of thought, the work of
service recalls the ministry of the Word, while the preparation of the saints
alludes to the training of the entire community. Isolating the preparation of
the saints from the work of service does not respect the larger context of
Eph 4,7-16 which stresses sharing the grace of Christ’s gift with all the
saints. Paul belongs to this group of saints, and he is servant of the Word; in
the same way all the saints participate in his diakonıa. Therefore interpre-
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ting both prepositional phrases as coordinated, the second defining the first,
is probably the best reading of Eph 4,12a-b.
Reading prov ton katartismon twn ag¥wn eıv ergon diakonıav as
ùù ù ˜ Ωı ߶ ¥
one complete phrase clarifies the meaning of katartismov and explains
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how “preparation†is to be understood. The analysis of the related verb
katartızw has already shown that “preparation†can mean correcting
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(Gal 6,1), completing (1 Thess 3,10) or training someone (Luke 6,40). If
katartismov has the service (diakonıav) of the Word as its purpose, such
¥ ¥
a “preparation†probably refers more to training someone for this purpose,
in the same way that the verb katartızw denotes “training†in Luke 6,40.
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The third prepositional phrase (eıv oıkodomhn toy swmatov toy
ß ß ù ˜¥ ˜
Xristoy) has two possible readings: as a purpose clause depending on the
˜
main verb edwken or as a purpose / result clause depending on the first
¶
phrase. From the grammatical point of view it could be interpreted as a
final clause expressing purpose at the same level as the preceding clauses:
“ He gave some as apostles, others as prophets, others as evange-
lists, others as pastor and teachersâ€
(1) For the preparation of the saints,
for the work of service,
for building up the body of Christ (or)
(2) For the preparation of the saints for the work of service,
for building up the body of Christ
However, the logic of the section suggests a different link between
equipping the community to serve the Word and building up the body of